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Blood pressure in children with chronic kidney disease: lessons learned from the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Cohort Study

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Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is common among children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESRD). However, the early accrual of CVD risk factors in children with CKD has not been well studied. The Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study, a multicenter, prospective cohort study of children with mild-to-moderate CKD at study entry counts among its primary aims investigation of the drivers of CVD risk in this population. As the most prevalent CVD risk factor in children with CKD, blood pressure (BP) has been a major focus of investigation for the CKiD Study Group. Over the first 15 years of the study, landmark publications have better defined the prevalence of hypertension, the frequency with which it is under-recognized and thus undertreated, and the consequences of elevated BP in this cohort. The purpose of this review is to summarize the contributions made by the CKiD Study in advancing knowledge of BP in this high-risk population, and to highlight areas in need of further study.

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Funding

Data reviewed in this manuscript were collected by the Chronic Kidney Disease in children prospective cohort study (CKiD) with clinical coordinating centers (Principal Investigators) at Children’s Mercy Hospital and the University of Missouri – Kansas City (Bradley Warady, MD) and Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (Susan Furth, MD, PhD), Central Biochemistry Laboratory (George Schwartz, MD) at the University of Rochester Medical Center, and data coordinating center (Alvaro Muñoz, PhD and Derek Ng, PhD) at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. The CKiD is funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, with additional funding from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U01-DK-66143, U01-DK-66174, U24-DK-082194, U24-DK-66116). The CKID website is located at http://www.statepi.jhsph.edu/ckid.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, 699 Riley Hospital Drive, R 230, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA

    Amy C. Wilson

  2. Division of Nephrology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA

    Joseph T. Flynn

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  1. Amy C. Wilson
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Correspondence to Amy C. Wilson.

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Wilson, A.C., Flynn, J.T. Blood pressure in children with chronic kidney disease: lessons learned from the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Cohort Study. Pediatr Nephrol 35, 1203–1209 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-019-04288-6

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