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Cardiovascular complications in pediatric end-stage renal disease

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Abstract

Mortality from end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is often due to cardiac causes. Although cardiovascular complications of ESRD have long been recognized, only recently has the presence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors been associated with late cardiovascular complications. This review presents a history of cardiac involvement in ESRD, the pathophysiology of accelerated atherosclerosis and left ventricular hypertrophy, and a summary of the literature on cardiovascular risk assessment in children. Techniques for non-invasive assessment of cardiac end-organ injury are also discussed. Recommendations for monitoring of risk factors and treatment in the pediatric ESRD population are presented.

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Acknowledgements

Portions of this paper were presented at the Annual Dialysis Conference: 14th Annual Symposium on Pediatric Dialysis, Seattle, Washington, 3 March entitled “Cardiac disease in pediatric dialysis patients: the scope of the problem.” Supported in part by grants from the American Society of Nephrology Carl W. Gottschalk Research Scholar Grant and National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K23 DK02872), National Institutes of Health. We would like to thank Dr. B.A. Fivush for her careful review of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Nephrology, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Rulan S. Parekh

  2. Nemours Cardiac Center, A.I. DuPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware, USA

    Samuel S. Gidding

  3. Department of Pediatrics, Thomas Jefferson University, Wilmington, Delaware, USA

    Samuel S. Gidding

  4. 600 North Wolfe Street, Park 336, Baltimore, MD 21287–2535, USA

    Rulan S. Parekh

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  1. Rulan S. Parekh
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  2. Samuel S. Gidding
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Correspondence to Rulan S. Parekh.

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Parekh, R.S., Gidding, S.S. Cardiovascular complications in pediatric end-stage renal disease. Pediatr Nephrol 20, 125–131 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-004-1664-0

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