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Do hydraulic redistribution and nocturnal transpiration facilitate nutrient acquisition in Aspalathus linearis?

  • Physiological ecology - Original research
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Abstract

The significance of soil water redistribution by roots and nocturnal transpiration for nutrient acquisition were assessed for deep-rooted 3-year-old leguminous Aspalathus linearis shrubs of the Cape Floristic Region (South Africa). We hypothesised that hydraulic redistribution and nocturnal transpiration facilitate nutrient acquisition by releasing moisture in shallow soil to enable acquisition of shallow-soil nutrients during the summer drought periods and by driving water fluxes from deep to shallow soil powering mass-flow nutrient acquisition, respectively. A. linearis was supplied with sub-surface (1-m-deep) irrigation rates of 0, 2 or 4 L day−1 plant−1. Some plants were unfertilized, whilst others were surface- or deep-fertilized (1 m depth) with Na15NO3 and CaP/FePO4. We also supplied deuterium oxide (2H2O) at 1 m depth at dusk and measured its predawn redistribution to shallow soil and plant stems. Hydraulic redistribution of deep water was substantial across all treatments, accounting for 34–72 % of surface-soil predawn moisture. Fourteen days after fertilization, the surface-fertilized plants exhibited increased hydraulic redistribution and increased 15N and P acquisition with higher rates of deep-irrigation. Deep-fertilization also increased hydraulic redistribution to surface soils, although these plants additionally accumulated 2H2O in their stem tissue overnight, probably due to nocturnal transpiration. Plants engaged in nocturnal transpiration also increased 15N and P acquisition from deep fertilizer sources. Thus, both nocturnal transpiration and hydraulic redistribution increased acquisition of shallow soil N and P, possibly through a combination of increased nutrient availability and mobility.

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  1. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X1, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa

    Ignatious Matimati, G. Anthony Verboom & Michael D. Cramer

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  1. Ignatious Matimati
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  2. G. Anthony Verboom
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Correspondence to Michael D. Cramer.

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Communicated by Todd E Dawson.

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Matimati, I., Anthony Verboom, G. & Cramer, M.D. Do hydraulic redistribution and nocturnal transpiration facilitate nutrient acquisition in Aspalathus linearis?. Oecologia 175, 1129–1142 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-014-2987-6

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