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Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) perspectives in mechanobiology: implications for cell behaviour

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Abstract

Mechanobiology is a scientific interface discipline emerging from engineering and biology. With regard to tissue-regenerative cell-based strategies, mechanobiological concepts, including biomechanics as a target for cell and human mesenchymal stem cell behaviour, are on the march. Based on the periodontium as a paradigm, this mini-review discusses the key role of focal-adhesion kinase (FAK) in mechanobiology, since it is involved in mediating the transformation of environmental biomechanical signals into cell behavioural responses via mechanotransducing signalling cascades. These processes enable cells to adjust quickly to environmental cues, whereas adjustment itself relies on the specific intramolecular phosphorylation of FAK tyrosine residues and the multiple interactions of FAK with distinct partners. Furthermore, interaction-triggered mechanotransducing pathways govern the dynamics of focal adhesion sites and cell behaviour. Facets of behaviour not only include cell spreading and motility, but also proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. In translational terms, identified and characterized biomechanical parameters can be incorporated into innovative concepts of cell- and tissue-tailored clinically applied biomaterials controlling cell behaviour as desired.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral Biotechnology, University Hospital Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany

    Pascal Tomakidi, Simon Schulz & Thorsten Steinberg

  2. Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dental School and Hospital, University Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany

    Susanne Proksch

  3. Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany

    Wilfried Weber

  4. Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine SGBM, University of Freiburg, Albertstrasse 19A, 79104, Freiburg, Germany

    Wilfried Weber

  5. Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS), University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany

    Wilfried Weber

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  1. Pascal Tomakidi
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  2. Simon Schulz
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  3. Susanne Proksch
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  4. Wilfried Weber
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  5. Thorsten Steinberg
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Correspondence to Thorsten Steinberg.

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Tomakidi, P., Schulz, S., Proksch, S. et al. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) perspectives in mechanobiology: implications for cell behaviour. Cell Tissue Res 357, 515–526 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-014-1945-2

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