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Combined effects of dentin sialoprotein and bone morphogenetic protein-2 on differentiation in human cementoblasts

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Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the effects of the combination of recombinant human BMP-2 (rh-BMP-2) and dentin sialoprotein (rh-DSP) on growth and differentiation in human cementoblasts and determine the underlying signal transduction mechanism. Compared to treatment of cementoblasts with either rh-BMP-2 or rh-DSP alone, the combination of rh-BMP-2 and rh-DSP synergistically increased cell growth, ALP activity, nodule formation and expression of differentiation markers.

The differentiation-promoting effect was also observed in periodontal ligament cells and an osteoblastic cell line. Likewise, combination of rh-DSP and rh-BMP-2 increased BMP-2 mRNA expression and Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation, which was blocked by the BMP antagonist noggin. The expression levels of α2β1 integrin and RhoA, as well as the phosphorylation status of FAK and Akt, were increased by the combination of rh-BMP-2 and rh-DSP in a time-dependent manner. In addition, rh-BMP-2 and rh-DSP enhanced expression of Wnt ligands, β-catenin activation and GSK-3β phosphorylation, all of which were inhibited by the Wnt receptor antagonist DKK1. Furthermore, treatment with rh-DSP plus rh-BMP-2 resulted in phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 and also induced the nuclear translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunit, which was blocked by noggin. This study demonstrates for the first time that rh-DSP and rh-BMP-2 act synergistically, enhancing each other’s ability to stimulate cementoblastic cell growth and differentiation in vitro via autocrine BMP, integrin, Wnt/β-catenin, MAP kinase and NF-κB pathways. These results support the therapeutic potential of a combination strategy for aiding periodontal regeneration.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (No. 2012R1A5A2051384).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Maxillofacial Tissue Regeneration, School of Dentistry and Research Center for Tooth & Periodontal Regeneration (MRC), Kyung Hee University, 1 Heogi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea

    So-Youn Lee, Hyung-Joon Kim & Eun-Cheol Kim

  2. Department of Orofacial Pain & Oral Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Q-Schick Auh & Soo-Kyung Kang

  3. Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Jung-Woo Lee

  4. Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Kwantae Noh

  5. Department of Biochemistry, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea

    Jun-Hyeog Jang

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  1. So-Youn Lee
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Correspondence to Eun-Cheol Kim.

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So-Youn Lee and Q-Schick Auh contributed equally to this work as first authors.

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Lee, SY., Auh, QS., Kang, SK. et al. Combined effects of dentin sialoprotein and bone morphogenetic protein-2 on differentiation in human cementoblasts. Cell Tissue Res 357, 119–132 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-014-1831-y

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