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Bone regeneration potential of allogeneic or autogeneic mesenchymal stem cells loaded onto cancellous bone granules in a rabbit radial defect model

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Abstract

For developing a clinically effective bone regeneration strategy, we compare the bone regeneration potential of cultured allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and of autologous BM-MSCs loaded onto allogeneic cancellous bone granule scaffolds. A critical-sized segmental bone defect was made at the mid-shaft of both radiuses in 19 New Zealand White rabbits (NWRs). In the experimental group, allogeneic BM-MSCs loaded onto small-sized allogeneic cancellous bone granules (300~700 um in diameter) were implanted in one side of a bone defect. In the control group, autologous BM-MSCs loaded onto allogeneic cancellous granules were grafted in the other side. Bone regeneration was assessed by radiographic evaluation at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks post-implantation and by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histological evaluation at 8 and 16 weeks. The experimental groups showed lower bone quantity indices (BQIs) than the control groups at 12 and 16 weeks (p < 0.05), although no significant difference was observed at 4 and 8 weeks (p > 0.05). Micro-CT analysis revealed that both groups had similar mean total bone volume and other parameters including trabecular thickness, number and separation at either 8 or 16 weeks. Only bone surface area revealed less area in the experimental group at 16 weeks. Histological evaluation of 8-week and 16-week specimens showed similar biologic processes of new bone formation and maturation. There was no inflammatory reaction indicating an adverse immune response in both allogeneic and autologous MSC groups. In conclusion, allogeneic BM-MSCs loaded onto allogeneic cancellous bone granules had comparable bone regeneration potential to autologous BM-MSCs in a rabbit radial defect model.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to express their gratitude to the department of radiology for their help in radiographic evaluations. We also thank Je-Sun Chang for his help in micro-CT image analysis. Fundings for this study were kindly provided by Seoul St. Mary’s Clinical Medicine Research Program of year 2012 through the Catholic University of Korea and Il-dong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Soo-Hwan Kang, Yang-Guk Chung, Yong-Sik Kim & Jun-Young Chung

  2. Department of Clinical Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Ki-Ouk Min

  3. Catholic High-Performance Cell Therapy Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Il-Hoan Oh

  4. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea

    Yang-Guk Chung

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  1. Soo-Hwan Kang
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  2. Yang-Guk Chung
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  3. Il-Hoan Oh
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  4. Yong-Sik Kim
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  5. Ki-Ouk Min
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Correspondence to Yang-Guk Chung.

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Kang, SH., Chung, YG., Oh, IH. et al. Bone regeneration potential of allogeneic or autogeneic mesenchymal stem cells loaded onto cancellous bone granules in a rabbit radial defect model. Cell Tissue Res 355, 81–88 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-013-1738-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-013-1738-z

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