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Enhanced reconstruction of rat calvarial defects achieved by plasma-treated electrospun scaffolds and induced pluripotent stem cells

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Abstract

Tissue engineering with a combination of stem cells and nanofibrous scaffolds has attracted interest with regard to bone regeneration applications. In the present study, human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were cultured on polymeric nanofibrous polyethersulfone (PES) with and without plasma treatment. The capacity of PES and plasma-treated PES (Plasma-PES) scaffolds to support the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of iPSCs was investigated by MTT assay and for common osteogenic markers such as alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium mineral deposition and bone-related genes. Plasma-PES scaffolds with or without iPSCs were subsequently used to evaluate bone regeneration of critical-size defects in the rat by digital mammography, multislice spiral-computed tomography imaging and histological analysis. The results of in vitro analysis showed that plasma treatment significantly enhanced iPSC proliferation and osteogenesis. After 8 weeks of iPSC-loaded Plasma-PES implantation, no mortality or complication was observed in animals or at the site of surgery. Imaging analysis revealed more extensive bone reconstruction in rats receiving nanofibers compared with untreated control groups. Moreover, Plasma-PES seeded with iPSCs induced the highest regeneration of bone defects among all groups. These findings were confirmed by histological staining. Affective osseointegration was observed in implanted scaffolds. Thus, plasma-treated nanofibrous scaffolds are suitable tissue-engineered matrices for supporting the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of iPSCs and might also be appropriate for the reconstruction of bone defects.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Dr. Amir Atashi and Dr. Ehsan Arefian for their contributions to this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Stem Cell Biology Department, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran

    Abdolreza Ardeshirylajimi & Peyman Dinarvand

  2. Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Ehsan Seyedjafari

  3. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran

    Lida Langroudi & Fatemeh Jamshidi Adegani

  4. Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-111, Tehran, Iran

    Masoud Soleimani

Authors
  1. Abdolreza Ardeshirylajimi
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  2. Peyman Dinarvand
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  3. Ehsan Seyedjafari
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  4. Lida Langroudi
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  5. Fatemeh Jamshidi Adegani
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  6. Masoud Soleimani
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Masoud Soleimani.

Additional information

A. Ardeshirylajimi and P. Dinarvand contributed equally to this work.

This study was supported by a grant from Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran.

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Ardeshirylajimi, A., Dinarvand, P., Seyedjafari, E. et al. Enhanced reconstruction of rat calvarial defects achieved by plasma-treated electrospun scaffolds and induced pluripotent stem cells. Cell Tissue Res 354, 849–860 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-013-1693-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-013-1693-8

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