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Expression of the actin-associated protein transgelin (SM22) is decreased in prostate cancer

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Abstract

Transgelin is an actin-binding protein shown to be tumour-suppressive. Loss of transgelin expression in transformed cells is associated with oncogenesis. This study aimed to determine whether transgelin expression was suppressed in prostate cancer. An in silico meta-analysis with public-domain expressed-sequence-tag libraries of normal human prostate epithelium, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, invasive carcinoma and metastasised lesions predicted decreased transgelin expression with disease progression. Similarly, analysis of Affymetrix gene chip data and the Oncomine database indicated that transgelin was one the 2% most significant of all down-regulated genes in response to prostate cancer. Analysis by quantitative reverse transcription with the polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) of patient biopsies determined transgelin expression to be significantly lower in prostate tumour tissue than in matched normal tissue. Similarly, qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis of representative prostate cancer cell lines demonstrated significantly lower levels of transgelin mRNA and protein in all but the DU145 prostate cancer cell line. Increased expression of TAGLN and increased transgelin protein in response to treatment with transforming growth factor-β suggested that reduced expression in prostate cancer was not attributable to gene promoter suppression by hypermethylation. Gene ontology function analysis highlighted the importance of transgelin in the co-deregulation of actin-binding proteins. Thus, transgelin is suppressed during prostate cancer progression and seems to be an important factor in the dysregulation of the actin cytoskeleton.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Andrew Macgregor and Chris Mason for technical assistance, to Pacific Edge Biotechnology for analysis of patient samples and to Dr. Alex Tickle of Otago Innovation for her continuing support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

    Priya D. Prasad & Jo-Anne L. Stanton

  2. Discipline of Physiology & Bosch Institute, Anderson Stuart (F13), School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia

    Stephen J. Assinder

Authors
  1. Priya D. Prasad
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  2. Jo-Anne L. Stanton
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  3. Stephen J. Assinder
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Stephen J. Assinder.

Additional information

Meta-analysis and patient tissue screening was funded by “ART and stem cell markers”, New Economy Research Fund, Foundation for Research, Science and Technology, New Zealand. The authors thank the H.S. and J.C. Anderson Trust, New Zealand for additional financial support. Priya Prasad was supported by a Maori and Pacific Island PhD Scholarship, University of Otago.

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Prasad, P.D., Stanton, JA.L. & Assinder, S.J. Expression of the actin-associated protein transgelin (SM22) is decreased in prostate cancer. Cell Tissue Res 339, 337–347 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-009-0902-y

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