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Effect of a toxicant on phagocytosis pathways in the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis

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Abstract

The disturbance of plasma membrane carbohydrates and of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ligands in relation to cytoskeletal transformations of haemocytes has been investigated after chronic exposure of pond snails (Lymnaea stagnalis) to the peroxidizing toxicant fomesafen. Neither of the two lectins used (concanavalin A and wheat germ agglutinin) showed any binding modification after incubation of the snails in the presence of the toxicant. However, after exposure of the snails to fomesafen, a clear and persistent reduction in LPS labelling of haemocytes occurred. The actin cytoskeleton of the same cells also appeared to be sensitive to the toxicant. The reduction in LPS-binding sites was related to actin staining, leading to the hypothesis that LPS ligands and actin could be similarly modulated by the toxicant. Damaged cells showed non-adherent membrane portions with reduced filopodial extrusions, exhibiting a smooth surface free of microvilli. These changes could lower the spreading and adhesion of the cells and could therefore account for the loss in their phagocytic capabilities.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the members of the INRA Laboratory, Ecotoxicologie Aquatique, Rennes. They are also grateful to Dr. L. Lagadic for his knowledge of toxicology and to M. Heydorff and D. Azam for technical help and for providing animals. The authors extend special thanks to J. Le Lannic for scanning microscopy assistance (Université Rennes 1, UMR 6553), to O. Kah (Université Rennes 1, UMR CNRS 6026-IFR140) for fluorescent microscopy assistance and to P. Charbonnier (Immunologie Cellulaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Rennes) for flow-cytometric analysis.

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  1. UMR 6553 Ecobio, Université Rennes 1, CNRS, Campus de Beaulieu, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes, France

    Jacqueline Russo & Luc Madec

  2. UMR 1133 INRA-UMII, Ecologie Microbienne des Insectes et Interactions Hôte-Pathogène, Université Montpellier II, Place Eugène Bataillon CC 54, 34095, Montpellier cedex 05, France

    Michel Brehélin

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  1. Jacqueline Russo
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Correspondence to Jacqueline Russo.

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Russo, J., Madec, L. & Brehélin, M. Effect of a toxicant on phagocytosis pathways in the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis . Cell Tissue Res 333, 147–158 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-008-0578-8

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