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Molecular distinction between arteries and veins

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Abstract

The vertebrate vascular system is essential for the delivery and exchange of gases, hormones, metabolic wastes and immunity factors. These essential functions are carried out in large part by two types of anatomically distinct blood vessels, namely arteries and veins. Previously, circulatory dynamics were thought to play a major role in establishing this dichotomy, but recently it has become clear that arterial and venous endothelial cells are molecularly distinct even before the output of the first embryonic heartbeat, thus revealing the existence of genetic programs coordinating arterial-venous differentiation. Here we review some of the molecular mechanisms involved in this process.

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Fig. 1.
Fig. 2A–C.
Fig. 3A–C.
Fig. 4A, B.

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Acknowledgements

Jesús Torres-Vázquez is a Damon Runyon fellow supported by the Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation (DRG#1726–02)

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  1. Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, NICHD, NIH, Building 6B, Room 309, 6 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA

    Jesús Torres-Vázquez, Makoto Kamei & Brant M. Weinstein

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  1. Jesús Torres-Vázquez
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  2. Makoto Kamei
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  3. Brant M. Weinstein
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Correspondence to Brant M. Weinstein.

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The first two authors contributed equally to this work

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Torres-Vázquez, J., Kamei, M. & Weinstein, B.M. Molecular distinction between arteries and veins. Cell Tissue Res 314, 43–59 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-003-0771-8

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