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Evolutionary and expression analysis of a MADS-box gene superfamily involved in ovule development of seeded and seedless grapevines

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Abstract

MADS-box transcription factors are involved in many aspects of plant growth and development, such as floral organ determination, fruit ripening, and embryonic development. Yet not much is known about grape (Vitis vinifera) MADS-box genes in a relatively comprehensive genomic and functional way during ovule development. Accordingly, we identified 54 grape MADS-box genes, aiming to enhance our understanding of grape MADS-box genes from both evolutionary and functional perspectives. Synteny analysis indicated that both segmental and tandem duplication events contributed to the expansion of the grape MADS-box family. Furthermore, synteny analysis between the grape and Arabidopsis genomes suggested that several grape MADS-box genes arose before divergence of the two species. Phylogenetic analysis and comparisons of exon–intron structures provided further insight into the evolutionary relationships between the genes, as well as their putative functions. Based on phylogenetic tree analysis, grape MADS-box genes were divided into type I and type II subgroups. Tissue-specific expression analysis suggested roles in both vegetative and reproductive tissue development. Expression analysis of the MADS-box genes following gibberellic acid (GA3) treatment revealed their response to GA3 treatment and that seedlessness caused by GA3 treatment underwent a different mechanism from that of normal ovule abortion. Expression profiling of MADS-box genes from six cultivars suggests their function in ovule development and may represent potential ovule identity genes involved in parthenocarpy. The results presented provide a few candidate genes involved in ovule development for future study, which may be useful in seedlessness-related molecular breeding programs.

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Abbreviations

GA3 :

Gibberellic acid

DAF:

Days after full bloom

cDNA:

Complementary DNA

TF:

Transcription factor

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

α:

Alpha

β:

Beta

STK :

SEEDSTICK

SHP:

SHATTERPROOF

FBP:

FLORAL BINDING PROTEIN

SVP :

SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE

ANR1 :

ARABIDOPSIS NITRATE REGULATED 1

AG :

AGAMOUS

SEP:

STRESS ENHANCED PROTEIN

HMM:

Hidden Markov Model

NCBI:

National Center for Biotechnology Information

NJ:

Neighbor-joining

SMART:

Simple modular architecture research tool

GSDS:

Gene structure display server

USP:

Universal stress protein

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China grant no. 31272136, 948 Project from the Ministry of Agriculture of China grant no. 2012-S12 and the Program for Innovative Research Team of Grape Germplasm Resources and Breeding grant no. 2013KCT-25 to X W. We thank PlantScribe (www.plantscribe.com) for editing this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China

    Li Wang, Xiangjing Yin, Chenxia Cheng, Hao Wang, Rongrong Guo, Xiaozhao Xu, Jiao Zhao & Xiping Wang

  2. Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China

    Li Wang, Xiangjing Yin, Chenxia Cheng, Hao Wang, Rongrong Guo, Xiaozhao Xu, Jiao Zhao & Xiping Wang

  3. Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA

    Yi Zheng

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  1. Li Wang
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Wang, L., Yin, X., Cheng, C. et al. Evolutionary and expression analysis of a MADS-box gene superfamily involved in ovule development of seeded and seedless grapevines. Mol Genet Genomics 290, 825–846 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-014-0961-y

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