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Genetic diversity and genomic distribution of homologs encoding NBS-LRR disease resistance proteins in sunflower

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Abstract

Three-fourths of the recognition-dependent disease resistance genes (R-genes) identified in plants encode nucleotide binding site (NBS) leucine-rich repeat (LRR) proteins. NBS-LRR homologs have only been isolated on a limited scale from sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), and most of the previously identified homologs are members of two large NBS-LRR clusters harboring downy mildew R-genes. We mined the sunflower EST database and used comparative genomics approaches to develop a deeper understanding of the diversity and distribution of NBS-LRR homologs in the sunflower genome. Collectively, 630 NBS-LRR homologs were identified, 88 by mining a database of 284,241 sunflower ESTs and 542 by sequencing 1,248 genomic DNA amplicons isolated from common and wild sunflower species. DNA markers were developed from 196 unique NBS-LRR sequences and facilitated genetic mapping of 167 NBS-LRR loci. The latter were distributed throughout the sunflower genome in 44 clusters or singletons. Wild species ESTs were a particularly rich source of novel NBS-LRR homologs, many of which were tightly linked to previously mapped downy mildew, rust, and broomrape R-genes. The DNA sequence and mapping resources described here should facilitate the discovery and isolation of recognition-dependent R-genes guarding sunflower from a broad spectrum of economically important diseases.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by grants from the United States Department of Agriculture National Research Initiative Plant Genome Program (No. 2000-04292) and National Science Foundation Plant Genome Program (No. 0421630).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, The University of Georgia, 111 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA

    Osman Radwan, Adam Heesacker, Brett Whitaker, Chris Taylor & Steven J. Knapp

  2. Plant Production Department, Efficient Productivity Institute, University of Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt

    Osman Radwan

  3. Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA

    Sonali Gandhi

  4. Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA, 02125, USA

    Alex Plocik & Richard Kesseli

  5. Department of Plant Sciences and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    Alexander Kozik & Richard W. Michelmore

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  1. Osman Radwan
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  2. Sonali Gandhi
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  3. Adam Heesacker
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Correspondence to Steven J. Knapp.

Additional information

Communicated by K. Shirasu.

DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank sequence accession numbers. Sunflower nucleotide and amino acid sequences have been deposited in DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank under accession numbers EF560168-EF559378 and ABQ58077-ABQ57529.

Appendix

Appendix

S1. GeneDoc (http://www.nrbsc.org/gfx/genedoc/index.html) input file displaying a CLUSTAL-X alignment of 785 sunflower NBS nucleotide sequences.

S2. GeneDoc (http://www.nrbsc.org/gfx/genedoc/index.html) input file displaying a CLUSTAL-X alignment of 69 sunflower NBS amino acid sequences sharing less than 90% similarity.

S3. Sunflower NBS-LRR sequence database.

S4. Sunflower NBS-LRR SSCP and INDEL marker database.

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Radwan, O., Gandhi, S., Heesacker, A. et al. Genetic diversity and genomic distribution of homologs encoding NBS-LRR disease resistance proteins in sunflower. Mol Genet Genomics 280, 111–125 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-008-0346-1

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