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Comparative morphology of antennae in the family Pleidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera)

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Abstract

The antennae of species in Pleidae exhibit at least 12 types of sensilla, all of which are documented for the first time for this family. Representatives of all genera (Heteroplea, Neoplea, Paraplea, and Plea) of Pleidae are surveyed and their antennal sensilla documented. The antenna of Heteroplea shares characteristics with Helotrephidae, the sister family to Pleidae, suggesting that its antennal type may be useful in determining relationships between species currently placed in these two families. The antennae of N. striola and N. harnedi suggest that they are separate species and previous suggestions of synonymy are not supported.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Robert Sites, University of Missouri, for providing specimens of Paraplea from Thailand and Heteroplea ornata from Brazil and Rajesh Balaraman for help associated with microscopy. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for suggestions that improved this paper.

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The authors did not receive support from any funding source for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, 77341-2116, USA

    Clea Garza, Daniela Ramos & Jerry L. Cook

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  1. Clea Garza
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  2. Daniela Ramos
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  3. Jerry L. Cook
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Contributions

All authors participated equally in the research for this study. JLC wrote most of the paper based on the results of this study and the paper was reviewed and approved by CG and DR.

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Correspondence to Jerry L. Cook.

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Clea Garza declares that she has no conflict of interest. Daniella Ramos declares that she has no conflict of interest. Jerry L. Cook declares that he has no conflict of interest.

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Garza, C., Ramos, D. & Cook, J.L. Comparative morphology of antennae in the family Pleidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Zoomorphology 140, 243–256 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00435-021-00522-8

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