Abstract
Purpose
The present study was undertaken to examine the amplification and expression status of Cks1 in breast cancer and its significance.
Methods
The amplification and expression status of Cks1 gene was examined by FISH, real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. RNA interference was used to detect the effects of Cks1 on migration, invasion, cell cycle progress and apoptosis of breast cancer cells.
Results
Cks1 gene amplification was highly correlated with protein overexpression. Overexpression of Cks1 was strongly associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis (P = 0.000, 95% CI (0.00–0.02); P = 0.008, 95% CI (0.001–0.05), respectively). Knockdown of Cks1 expression by RNA interference inhibited the cell cycle progress, migration and invasion ability of breast cancer cells. Moreover, overexpression of Cks1 inhibited apoptosis of breast cancer cells through MEK-Erk pathway.
Conclusion
Cks1 may be considered as potential novel prognostic markers and targets for the future development of specific therapeutic interventions in breast cancer.
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This article was retracted on grounds of dual publication.
An erratum to this article can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00432-010-0768-0
Electronic supplementary material
432_2009_582_MOESM1_ESM.jpg
Kaplan–Meier survival curve of breast cancer patients sub-grouped as Cks1-nigative or positive. The prognosis of Cks1-positive cases was significantly shorter than that of Cks1-negative cases (p = 0.008) (JPG 377 kb)
432_2009_582_MOESM2_ESM.jpg
Knockdown of Cks1 inhibited MDA-MB-231 cells migration and invasion. A,Western blot analysis of Cks1 expression. Cks1 RNAi exhibited down-regulation of Cks1. B, Representative photos of haptotactic migration assay and Matrigel chemoinvasion assay in Cks1 RNAi, Scrambled-RNAi, and parental MDA-MB-231 cells. C and D, Statistical plots of migration and matrigel chemoinvasion assay. The number of Cks1 RNAi cells transversed the transwell membranes in haptotactic migration assay and Matrigel chemoinvasion assay was significantly decreased compared to that of the Scrambled-RNAi and parental MDA-MB-231 cells. Values were represented as the mean ± s.d of three independent experiments (JPG 110 kb)
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Wang, XC., Tian, LL., Tian, J. et al. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Overexpression of Cks1 is associated with poor survival by inhibiting apoptosis in breast cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 135, 1393–1401 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-009-0582-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-009-0582-8