Cutaneous metastases of visceral tumours: a review

Nashan, Dorothée; Müller, Marcel Lucas; Braun-Falco, Markus; Reichenberger, Sebastian; Szeimies, Rolf-Markus; Bruckner-Tuderman, Leena

doi:10.1007/s00432-008-0432-0

Cutaneous metastases of visceral tumours: a review

Review
Published: 17 June 2008

Volume 135, pages 1–14, (2009)
Cite this article

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Dorothée Nashan¹,
Marcel Lucas Müller¹,
Markus Braun-Falco¹,
Sebastian Reichenberger²,
Rolf-Markus Szeimies³ &
…
Leena Bruckner-Tuderman¹

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Abstract

Background

Up to 10% of all visceral malignancies develop cutaneous metastases. As cutaneous metastases are underestimated and underdiagnosed they can be a clinical challenge. The clinical appearance and patterns of distribution of cutaneous metastases, the characterisation of clinical outcomes and available therapeutic options are compiled.

Patients and methods

Literature (over the last 6 years) MESH in terms of cutaneous metastases was comprehensively evaluated. Characteristics from 92 available cases are elaborated and adjusted with terms (time unlimited) of published epidemiological reviews to single organs.

Results

The broad clinical spectrum with differential diagnoses is displayed. An allocation of cutaneous metastases and a particular organ is not reliable. In 22% of all cases cutaneous metastases can lead to the diagnosis of an internal malignoma. The majority of cases reveal cutaneous metastases to emerge in a tumour-free interval in about 36 months, after a successful treatment of the primary tumour, most commonly along with other organ metastases. Probable survival turned out to be less than 12 months. Consistently with this end-stage condition, treatment aligns with rules of palliation. Local treatment of choice is excision. Only a minority of investigators attempted to come up with tumour-specific treatment strategies, and almost no randomised therapy studies can be presented.

Conclusion

A reference guide of cutaneous metastases is given; the clinical spectrum is adjusted to an actual status; state of the art of the treatment is accomplished. An epidemiological, improved registration and diagnostic work-up for targeted therapies in conjunction with dermatologists are favoured.

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Conflict of interest statement

There is no conflict of interest for any of the authors including any financial, personal or other relationships with other people or organizations within 3 years of beginning the work submitted that could inappropriately influence the work.

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Authors and Affiliations

Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Hauptstr. 7, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
Dorothée Nashan, Marcel Lucas Müller, Markus Braun-Falco & Leena Bruckner-Tuderman
Department of Internal Medicine, Ludmillenstift, Meppen, Germany
Sebastian Reichenberger
Department of Dermatology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
Rolf-Markus Szeimies

Authors

Dorothée Nashan
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Marcel Lucas Müller
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Markus Braun-Falco
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Sebastian Reichenberger
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Rolf-Markus Szeimies
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Leena Bruckner-Tuderman
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Correspondence to Dorothée Nashan.

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Nashan, D., Müller, M.L., Braun-Falco, M. et al. Cutaneous metastases of visceral tumours: a review. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 135, 1–14 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-008-0432-0

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Received: 26 April 2008
Accepted: 26 May 2008
Published: 17 June 2008
Issue Date: January 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-008-0432-0

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Cutaneous metastases of visceral tumours: a review