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Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2, sulfotransferase (SULT) 1A1, and N-acetyltransferase (NAT) 2 polymorphisms and susceptibility to urothelial cancer

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Abstract

Purpose

Arylamines are suspected to be the primary causative agent of urothelial cancer in tobacco smoke. In the human liver, arylamines are N-hydroxylated by a cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A2-catalyzed reaction, which produces a substrate for O-esterification that can be catalyzed by N-acetyltransferases (NAT) or sulfotransferases (SULT). Recently, several polymorphisms of CYP1A2, SULT1A1, and NAT2 that affect their activities have been reported.

Methods

In this study, 306 Japanese patients with urothelial transitional cell carcinoma and 306 healthy controls were compared for frequencies of CYP1A2, SULT1A1, and NAT2 genotypes.

Results

The frequencies of NAT2 intermediate or slow acetylator genotype were significantly higher in the urothelial cancer patients than in the healthy control subjects [odds ratio (OR)=1.49, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.06–2.09, OR=3.23, 95% CI 1.72–6.08, respectively]. Stratifying by amount of smoking, among subjects who consumed >33.5 pack-years and carried the SULT1A1 *1/*1 or NAT2 slow acetylator genotype, the OR was 1.73 (95% CI 1.01–2.97) whereas it was 7.31 (95% CI 1.90–28.05) in non-smokers who carried the homozygous wild genotype, respectively. The relationships between CYP1A2, SULT1A1, and NAT2 polymorphisms and clinical findings including tumor differentiation, stage, and recurrence rate were analyzed. Only associations between NAT2 genotype and pathological findings were admitted, and the higher OR of NAT2 intermediate and slow acetylator genotype was more likely to present to a low-grade tumor (G1) among heavy-smokers.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that SULT1A1 *1/*1 and NAT2 slow acetylator genotypes might modulate the effect of carcinogenic arylamines contained in tobacco smoke, and that the modulation of NAT2 intermediate and slow acetylator genotype has a tendency to present a higher risk for highly differentiated tumors among heavy-smokers.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Research on Environmental Health from the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Japan, and a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Public Health, Miyazaki Medical College, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, 889-1692, Miyazaki, Japan

    Hiromasa Tsukino, Yoshiki Kuroda, Hiroyuki Nakao, Hirohisa Imai & Takahiko Katoh

  2. Department of Urology, Miyazaki Medical College, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan

    Hiromasa Tsukino & Yukio Osada

  3. Munakata Suikoukai General Hospital, 811-3298, Munakata, Japan

    Hisato Inatomi

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  1. Hiromasa Tsukino
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  2. Yoshiki Kuroda
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  3. Hiroyuki Nakao
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  4. Hirohisa Imai
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  5. Hisato Inatomi
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  7. Takahiko Katoh
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Correspondence to Takahiko Katoh.

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Tsukino, H., Kuroda, Y., Nakao, H. et al. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2, sulfotransferase (SULT) 1A1, and N-acetyltransferase (NAT) 2 polymorphisms and susceptibility to urothelial cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 130, 99–106 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-003-0512-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-003-0512-0

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