Abstract
Mutations of PAFAH1B1 cause classical lissencephaly in humans. In addition, duplications and triplications of PAFAH1B1 are found in individuals with intellectual disability and other neurological disorders suggesting that proper brain development is highly sensitive to the PAFAH1B1 dosage. To examine the effect of PAFAH1B1 over-dosage in neural development, especially in migration of neurons and layer formation during cerebral cortical development, we overexpressed Pafah1b1 in migrating neurons in the mouse embryonic cortex using in utero electroporation. Enhanced expression of Pafah1b1 in radially-migrating neurons resulted in their over-migration into the marginal zone. Neurons that invaded the marginal zone were oriented abnormally. Layer distribution of Pafaha1b1-overexpressing neurons shifted more superficially than control neurons. Some of the Pafaha1b1-overexpressing future layer 4 neurons changed their positions to layers 2/3. Furthermore, they also changed their layer marker expression from layer 4 to layers 2/3. These results suggest that overexpression of Pafah1b1 affects the migration of neurons and disrupts layer formation in the developing cerebral cortex, and further support the idea that appropriate dosage of Pafah1b1 is crucial for the proper development of the brain.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Dr. Junichi Miyazaki (Osaka University) for providing us with the pCAGGS vector. This study was supported by KAKENHI (JP26830015, JP15H02355, JP16H06482) of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan (MEXT)/Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Takeda Science Foundation, Naito Foundation, Keio Gijuku Academic Development Funds, and Fukuzawa Memorial Fund for the Advancement of Education and Research.
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429_2017_1497_MOESM1_ESM.tif
Supplementary Fig. 1 Overexpression of Pafah1b1 in migrating neurons. Embryonic brains were electroporated with a control or Pafah1b1-expressing plasmid together with a pCAGGS-EGFP vector at E14.5. Overexpression of Pafah1b1 in neurons electroporated with a Pafah1b1-expressing plasmid was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Scale bar, 20 μm (TIFF 2667 kb)
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Katayama, Ki., Hayashi, K., Inoue, S. et al. Enhanced expression of Pafah1b1 causes over-migration of cerebral cortical neurons into the marginal zone. Brain Struct Funct 222, 4283–4291 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-017-1497-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-017-1497-9