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Attentional function and basal forebrain cholinergic neuron morphology during aging in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome

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Abstract

Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) exhibit intellectual disability and develop Alzheimer’s disease-like neuropathology during the third decade of life. The Ts65Dn mouse model of DS exhibits key features of both disorders, including impairments in learning, attention and memory, as well as atrophy of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs). The present study evaluated attentional function in relation to BFCN morphology in young (3 months) and middle-aged (12 months) Ts65Dn mice and disomic (2N) controls. Ts65Dn mice exhibited attentional dysfunction at both ages, with greater impairment in older trisomics. Density of BFCNs was significantly lower for Ts65Dn mice independent of age, which may contribute to attentional dysfunction since BFCN density was positively associated with performance on an attention task. BFCN volume decreased with age in 2N but not Ts65Dn mice. Paradoxically, BFCN volume was greater in older trisomic mice, suggestive of a compensatory response. In sum, attentional dysfunction occurred in both young and middle-aged Ts65Dn mice, which may in part reflect reduced density and/or phenotypic alterations in BFCNs.

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Acknowledgments

Supported by National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Grant number HD057564 (to BJS, EJM, SDG); National Institute on Aging, Grant numbers AG014449 (to EJM, SDG) and AG043375 (EJM & SDG); the Alzheimer’s Association, Grant number IIRG-12-237253 (to SDG); and the National Institute of Health, Grant number HD45224.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Nutritional Sciences and Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA

    Brian E. Powers, Ramon Velazquez, Jessica A. Ash, Myla S. Strawderman & Barbara J. Strupp

  2. Division of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA

    Christy M. Kelley

  3. Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA

    Melissa J. Alldred & Stephen D. Ginsberg

  4. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10962, USA

    Melissa J. Alldred & Stephen D. Ginsberg

  5. Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10962, USA

    Stephen D. Ginsberg

  6. Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA

    Elliott J. Mufson

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  1. Brian E. Powers
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  2. Ramon Velazquez
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B. E. Powers and R. Velazquez are the first co-authors.

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Powers, B.E., Velazquez, R., Kelley, C.M. et al. Attentional function and basal forebrain cholinergic neuron morphology during aging in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome. Brain Struct Funct 221, 4337–4352 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-015-1164-y

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