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Multimodal connectivity mapping of the human left anterior and posterior lateral prefrontal cortex

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Abstract

Working memory is essential for many of our distinctly human abilities, including reasoning, problem solving, and planning. Research spanning many decades has helped to refine our understanding of this high-level function as comprising several hierarchically organized components, some which maintain information in the conscious mind, and others which manipulate and reorganize this information in useful ways. In the neocortex, these processes are likely implemented by a distributed frontoparietal network, with more posterior regions serving to maintain volatile information, and more anterior regions subserving the manipulation of this information. Recent meta-analytic findings have identified the anterior lateral prefrontal cortex, in particular, as being generally engaged by working memory tasks, while the posterior lateral prefrontal cortex was more strongly associated with the cognitive load required by these tasks. These findings suggest specific roles for these regions in the cognitive control processes underlying working memory. To further characterize these regions, we applied three distinct seed-based methods for determining cortical connectivity. Specifically, we employed meta-analytic connectivity mapping across task-based fMRI experiments, resting-state BOLD correlations, and VBM-based structural covariance. We found a frontoparietal pattern of convergence which strongly resembled the working memory networks identified in previous research. A contrast between anterior and posterior parts of the lateral prefrontal cortex revealed distinct connectivity patterns consistent with the idea of a hierarchical organization of frontoparietal networks. Moreover, we found a distributed network that was anticorrelated with the anterior seed region, which included most of the default mode network and a subcomponent related to social and emotional processing. These findings fit well with the internal attention model of working memory, in which representation of information is processed according to an anteroposterior gradient of abstract-to-concrete representations.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, EI 816/4-1, LA 3071/3-1; EI 816/6-1.), the National Institute of Mental Health (R01-MH074457), the Helmholtz-Portfolio Project on “Supercomputing and Modeling for the Human Brain” and the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 604102 (Human Brain Project).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany

    Andrew T. Reid, Danilo Bzdok, Robert Langner, Katrin Amunts, Simon B. Eickhoff & Claudia R. Eickhoff

  2. Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany

    Danilo Bzdok, Robert Langner & Simon B. Eickhoff

  3. Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany

    Claudia R. Eickhoff

  4. University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA

    Peter T. Fox

  5. Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA

    Angela R. Laird

  6. C. & O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany

    Katrin Amunts

  7. Parietal Team, INRIA, Neurospin, Bat 145, CEA Saclay, 91191, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France

    Danilo Bzdok

  8. South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA

    Peter T. Fox

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  1. Andrew T. Reid
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  2. Danilo Bzdok
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  8. Claudia R. Eickhoff
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Correspondence to Andrew T. Reid.

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Reid, A.T., Bzdok, D., Langner, R. et al. Multimodal connectivity mapping of the human left anterior and posterior lateral prefrontal cortex. Brain Struct Funct 221, 2589–2605 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-015-1060-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-015-1060-5

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