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Cortico-basal ganglia circuitry: a review of key research and implications for functional connectivity studies of mood and anxiety disorders

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Abstract

There is considerable evidence that dysfunction of the cortico-basal ganglia circuits may be associated with several mood and anxiety disorders. However, it is unclear whether circuit abnormalities contribute directly either to the neurobiology of these conditions or to the manifestation of symptoms. Understanding the role of these pathways in psychiatric illness has been limited by an incomplete characterization of normal function. In recent years, studies using animal models and human functional imaging have greatly expanded the literature describing normal cortico-basal ganglia circuit function. In this paper, recent key studies of circuit function using human and animal models are reviewed and integrated with findings from other studies conducted over the previous decades. The literature suggests several hypotheses of cortico-basal ganglia circuitry function in mood and anxiety disorders that warrant further exploration. Hypotheses are proposed herein based upon the cortico-basal ganglia mechanisms of: (1) feedforward and feedback control, (2) circuit integration and (3) emotional control. These are presented as models of circuit function, which may be particularly relevant to future investigations using neuroimaging and functional connectivity analyses.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by a Department of Veterans Affairs Career Development Award. Additional support was provided by the resources and the use of facilities at the VA Salt Lake City Health Care System.

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  1. George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VHASLCHCS 151, 500 Foothill, Salt Lake City, UT, 84148, USA

    William R. Marchand

  2. University of Utah Department of Psychiatry, Salt Lake City, UT, USA

    William R. Marchand

  3. The Brain Institute at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA

    William R. Marchand

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Marchand, W.R. Cortico-basal ganglia circuitry: a review of key research and implications for functional connectivity studies of mood and anxiety disorders. Brain Struct Funct 215, 73–96 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-010-0280-y

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