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Update on selected advances in the immunohistochemical and molecular genetic analysis of soft tissue tumors

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Abstract

Although traditional morphological evaluation remains the cornerstone for the diagnosis of soft tissue tumors, ancillary diagnostic modalities such as immunohistochemistry and molecular genetic analysis are of ever-increasing importance in this field. New insights into the molecular pathogenesis of soft tissue tumors, often obtained from high-throughput sequencing technologies, has enabled significant progress in the characterization and biologic stratification of mesenchymal neoplasms, expanding the spectrum of immunohistochemical tests (often aimed towards recently discovered genetic events) and molecular genetic assays (most often fluorescence in situ hybridization and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction). This review discusses selected novel molecular and immunohistochemical assays with diagnostic applicability in mesenchymal neoplasms, with emphasis on diagnosis, refinement of tumor classification, and treatment stratification.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sarcoma Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, 203 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK

    Khin Thway

  2. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA

    Andrew L Folpe

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  1. Khin Thway
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Dr Folpe contributed to the writing of manuscript and the production of the figures. Dr. Thway contributed to the writing of the manuscript.

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Thway, K., Folpe, A.L. Update on selected advances in the immunohistochemical and molecular genetic analysis of soft tissue tumors. Virchows Arch 476, 3–15 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-019-02678-7

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