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Diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis by core needle biopsy: application of six microscopic criteria

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Abstract

Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) has been established as a special entity of chronic pancreatitis (CP). However, its clinical distinction from pancreatic cancer and other types of CP is still difficult. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of pancreatic core needle biopsy for the diagnosis of AIP. In 44 core needle biopsy specimens, we assessed the following microscopic features: granulocytic epithelial lesions (GELs), more than ten IgG4-positive plasma cells/HPF, more than ten eosinophilic granulocytes/HPF, cellular fibrosis with inflammation, lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, and venulitis. All biopsies that showed four or more of the six features (22 of 44) were obtained from 21 of 26 patients whose clinical diagnosis and follow-up were consistent with AIP. All non-AIP CP patients (n = 14) showed three or less than three of the features in their biopsies. GELs were only observed in biopsy specimens from AIP patients. In conclusion, our data indicate that the six criteria we applied were able to recognize AIP in 76% of biopsy specimens using a cut-off level of four. When the specimens that revealed only three features but showed GELs were added, the sensitivity rose to 86%. Pancreatic core needle biopsy can therefore make a significant contribution to the diagnosis of AIP.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Danish Medical Association Research Fund/The Johanne Dorthe Due Estate.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str.3, Haus 14, 24105, Kiel, Germany

    Sönke Detlefsen & Günter Klöppel

  2. Department of Gastroenterology, Mech-Sense, Aalborg Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

    Sönke Detlefsen & Asbjørn Mohr Drewes

  3. Department of Pathology, Aalborg Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

    Sönke Detlefsen & Mogens Vyberg

Authors
  1. Sönke Detlefsen
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  2. Asbjørn Mohr Drewes
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  3. Mogens Vyberg
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  4. Günter Klöppel
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Correspondence to Sönke Detlefsen.

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Detlefsen, S., Mohr Drewes, A., Vyberg, M. et al. Diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis by core needle biopsy: application of six microscopic criteria. Virchows Arch 454, 531–539 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-009-0747-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-009-0747-5

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