Nitric oxide used to test pulmonary gas exchange in rabbits

Abstract

 To evaluate whether nitric oxide (NO) is an appropriate test gas for assessing pulmonary gas exchange, we determined the rates of disappearance from the alveolar space (λ) of NO and singly and doubly ¹⁸O-labelled carbon dioxide (C¹⁶O¹⁸O, C¹⁸O₂) by performing single-breath manoeuvres on seven artificially ventilated rabbits. By exploiting unique features of both isotopic species and by analysing pulmonary gas transport and λ values with a commonly used model, we found that diffusion forms 98±6% (mean ± SD) of the overall resistance to alveolar-capillary NO transfer. This means that measurements of pulmonary NO uptake reveal the entire diffusive properties of the alveolar-capillary membrane, because the extremely fast binding of NO to haemoglobin negates the ”reactive” component within red blood cells of pulmonary capillaries.