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Strenuous physical exercise accelerates the lipid peroxide clearing transport by HDL

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Abstract

Purpose

Physical exercise has cardioprotective functions, which have been partly linked to high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and its functions. We studied the effects of endogenous oxidative stress, induced by acute exhaustive physical exercise, on concentration of oxidized HDL lipids.

Methods

Twenty-four male national top-level endurance runners, 12 middle-distance runners and 12 marathon runners performed a maximal run on a treadmill until exhaustion. We analyzed concentrations of oxidized HDL (oxHDLlipids) and LDL lipids (oxLDLlipids), serum antioxidant potential (TRAP), paraoxonase activity and malondialdehyde. Venous blood samples were taken before, immediately, 15 and 90 min after exercise.

Results

Immediately after the treadmill run the concentration of oxHDLlipids was increased by 24 % (p < 0.01). Simultaneously, the ratio of oxHDLlipids to oxLDLlipids increased by 55 % and the oxLDLlipids levels decreased by 19 % (p < 0.001), while serum malondialdehyde and TRAP increased by 54 % (p < 0.001) and 29 % (p < 0.01), respectively. After the 90 min recovery the concentration of oxHDLlipids was decreased towards the pre-exercise level, but that of oxLDLlipids remained decreased below pre-exercise values (p < 0.001). The change in oxLDLlipids after the run correlated positively with VO2max (r = 0.67, p < 0.001) and negatively with the change in paraoxonase activity (r = −0.47, p < 0.05).

Conclusions

We conclude that acute exhaustive physical exercise increased the concentration of oxHDLlipids and decreased that of oxLDLlipids and the ratio of oxLDLlipids to oxHDLlipids, which suggests that during physical exercise HDL has an active role in the removal of lipid peroxides.

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Abbreviations

ABAB:

2,2′Azobis(2-amidinopropane)HCl

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

BMI:

Body mass index

HCL:

Hydrochloride

HDL:

High-density lipoproteins

HLPC:

High-performance liquid chromatography

LDL:

Low-density lipoproteins

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

oxHDLlipids:

Oxidized HDL lipids

oxLDLlipids:

Oxidized LDL lipids

TRAP:

Total peroxyl radical trapping antioxidant potential

VO2max :

Maximal oxygen uptake

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Health and Exercise, Paavo Nurmi Center, University of Turku, Kiinanmyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland

    Iiro A. Välimäki

  2. Haaga-Helia University of Applied Sciences, Vierumäki, Finland

    Timo Vuorimaa

  3. MCA Research Laboratory, Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

    Markku Ahotupa

  4. UKK Institute for the Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland

    Tommi J. Vasankari

Authors
  1. Iiro A. Välimäki
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  2. Timo Vuorimaa
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  3. Markku Ahotupa
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  4. Tommi J. Vasankari
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Correspondence to Iiro A. Välimäki.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Communicated by Fabio Fischetti.

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Välimäki, I.A., Vuorimaa, T., Ahotupa, M. et al. Strenuous physical exercise accelerates the lipid peroxide clearing transport by HDL. Eur J Appl Physiol 116, 1683–1691 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-016-3422-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-016-3422-y

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