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Human skeletal muscle type 1 fibre distribution and response of stress-sensing proteins along the titin molecule after submaximal exhaustive exercise

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Abstract

Early responses of stress-sensing proteins, muscle LIM protein (MLP), ankyrin repeat proteins (Ankrd1/CARP and Ankrd2/Arpp) and muscle-specific RING finger proteins (MuRF1 and MuRF2), along the titin molecule were investigated in the present experiment after submaximal exhaustive exercise. Ten healthy men performed continuous drop jumping unilaterally on a sledge apparatus with a submaximal height until complete exhaustion. Five stress-sensing proteins were analysed by mRNA measurements from biopsies obtained immediately and 3 h after the exercise from exercised vastus lateralis muscle while control biopsies were obtained from non-exercised legs before the exercise. Decreased maximal jump height and increased serum creatine kinase activities as indirect markers for muscle damage and HSP27 immunostainings on muscle biopsies as a direct marker for muscle damage indicated that the current exercised protocol caused muscle damage. mRNA levels for four (MLP, Ankrd1/CARP, MuRF1 and MuRF2) out of the five studied stress sensors significantly (p < 0.05) increased 3 h after fatiguing exercise. The magnitude of MLP and Ankrd2 responses was related to the proportion of type 1 myofibres. Our data showed that the submaximal exhaustive exercise with subject’s own physical fitness level activates titin-based stretch-sensing proteins. These results suggest that both degenerative and regenerative pathways are activated in very early phase after the exercise or probably already during the exercise. Activation of these proteins represents an initial step forward adaptive remodelling of the exercised muscle and may also be involved in the initiation of myofibre repair.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank all the test personnel for their work in the data collection. We also would like to express our special thanks to Ms. Aila Ollikainen and Mr. Risto Puurtinen for their assistance in the blood and muscle analyses. This work was supported by a grant from the Scientific Advisory Board for Defence, Finland, Academy of Finland (Research Council for Health, Grant No. 137981) and Foundation for Physical Activity and Public Health LIKES, Finland. Sheila S. Gagnon is supported in part as a doctoral student by Western University’s Bone and Joint Institute and the Collaborative Training Program in Musculoskeletal Health Research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. LIKES Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, Rautpohjankatu 8, 40700, Jyväskylä, Finland

    Satu O. A. Koskinen & Maarit Lehti

  2. Unit of Biology of Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Rautpohjankatu 8, 40700, Jyväskylä, Finland

    Satu O. A. Koskinen, Heikki Kyröläinen, Riina Flink & Juha P. Ahtiainen

  3. Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Alvar Aallon katu 9, 40600, Jyväskylä, Finland

    Harri P. Selänne

  4. Hospital Mehiläinen, Sports Injury Clinic, Pohjoinen Hesperiankatu 17 C, 00260, Helsinki, Finland

    Harri P. Selänne

  5. Wolf Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory, Fowler Kennedy Sport Medicine Clinic, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada

    Sheila S. Gagnon

  6. Neuromuscular Research Laboratory/Warrior Human Performance Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, 3860 South Water Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA

    Bradley C. Nindl

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  1. Satu O. A. Koskinen
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Correspondence to Satu O. A. Koskinen.

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Koskinen, S.O.A., Kyröläinen, H., Flink, R. et al. Human skeletal muscle type 1 fibre distribution and response of stress-sensing proteins along the titin molecule after submaximal exhaustive exercise. Histochem Cell Biol 148, 545–555 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-017-1595-z

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