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Foveal vasculature changes and nonperfusion in patients with diabetes types I and II with no evidence of diabetic retinopathy

  • Retinal Disorders
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Abstract

Purpose

To analyze the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in patients with diabetes and no retinopathy vs. controls using OCT angiography (OCT-A).

Methods

Prospective, observational clinical study. Type I and II diabetics with no retinopathy and healthy control patients underwent OCT-A. The FAZ size and capillary density were calculated using Image J and Adobe Photoshop CS8. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test and the Pearson correlation test.

Results

Fifty-two eyes of 28 diabetic patients and 28 eyes of 16 healthy controls were enrolled. Type I diabetes patients had a longer disease duration than type II (30.3 ± 10.3 vs. 12.3 ± 9.7 years). The mean superficial capillary plexus (SCP) of the FAZ area was 0.27 ± 0.1, 0.36 ± 0.14, and 0.27 ± 0.12 mm2, for the type I, type II, and controls (p = 0.0058) and was significantly larger in type II diabetics (p < 0.05). The mean DCP (deep capillary plexus) FAZ was significantly larger in type II diabetics vs. controls (0.67 ± 0.2 and 0.52 ± 0.16 mm2 respectively) (p < 0.05). Both type I and type II SCP capillary density were significantly lower than the controls (p < 0.05, p < 0.005), and DCP capillary density was significantly lower in type II vs. controls (p < 0.005).

Conclusions

Type I patients showed fewer changes in the FAZ than the type II group, although their duration of diabetes was longer. Larger studies are needed to better analyze the differences between type I and type II diabetics.

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Funding

The study was financially supported by an unrestricted grant from Research to Prevent Blindness.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 301 E Muhammad Ali Blvd., Louisville, KY, 40202, USA

    Efrat Fleissig, Mehreen Adhi, Douglas K. Sigford & Charles C. Barr

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel

    Efrat Fleissig

Authors
  1. Efrat Fleissig
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  2. Mehreen Adhi
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  4. Charles C. Barr
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Correspondence to Charles C. Barr.

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The authors have no conflict of interest or financial interest to disclose.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the University of Louisville IRB. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Fleissig, E., Adhi, M., Sigford, D.K. et al. Foveal vasculature changes and nonperfusion in patients with diabetes types I and II with no evidence of diabetic retinopathy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 258, 551–556 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-019-04588-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-019-04588-5

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