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Outcome of cytomegalovirus retinitis in immunocompromised patients without Human Immunodeficiency Virus treated with intravitreal ganciclovir injection

  • Retinal Disorders
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose

To study the outcomes of treatment with intravitreal ganciclovir injection for cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in patients without Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection.

Methods

In this retrospective cohort study, demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with CMV retinitis without HIV were noted. Patients received intravitreal ganciclovir injection (2 mg/0.1 ml) alone until quiescence. The outcome measures were time taken for the lesions to heal, number of injections, change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), recurrence of retinitis, occurrence of immune recovery uveitis (IRU) or injection-related complications and retinal detachment (RD).

Results

18 eyes of ten patients (six males) with mean age of 33.7 years from June 2004 to March 2013 were included. Thirteen eyes with active lesions (mean BCVA of 0.51 ± 0.41) received 5.54 ± 3.36 intravitreal ganciclovir injections with complete healing within 1.81 ± 1.25 months. The final BCVA was 0.43 ± 0.52. IRU was observed in six eyes (33.33 %) and RD developed in one eye. One eye had recurrence 1 month after stopping ganciclovir injections. The rest of the patients had recurrence-free follow-up at 9.46 ± 12.42 months.

Conclusions

Non-HIV patients with CMV retinitis can be successfully treated with intravitreal ganciclovir injection alone, avoiding the systemic side effects of systemic anti-CMV therapy.

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Declaration of interest

The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.

Authors have no financial disclosure/proprietary interest. No conflicting relationship exists for any author.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India, 160012

    Aniruddha Agarwal, Neha Kumari, Mangat R. Dogra, Vishali Gupta, Amod Gupta & Ramandeep Singh

  2. Division of Paediatric Hematology Oncology, Advanced Paediatric Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India

    Amita Trehan

  3. Division of Hematology Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India

    Alka Khadwal

  4. King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Vishali Gupta

  5. Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India

    Aman Sharma

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  1. Aniruddha Agarwal
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  2. Neha Kumari
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  3. Amita Trehan
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  8. Amod Gupta
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  9. Ramandeep Singh
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Correspondence to Ramandeep Singh.

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Agarwal, A., Kumari, N., Trehan, A. et al. Outcome of cytomegalovirus retinitis in immunocompromised patients without Human Immunodeficiency Virus treated with intravitreal ganciclovir injection. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 252, 1393–1401 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-014-2587-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-014-2587-5

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