Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Measurement of PO2 during vitrectomy for central retinal vein occlusion, a pilot study

  • Retinal Disorders
  • Published:
Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Introduction

In this pilot study the effects of vitrectomy on PO2 in the vitreous cavity in CRVO were investigated.

Study design

Prospective, controlled, interventional study.

Method

Six patients with ischaemic CRVO in one eye (undergoing vitrectomy for radial optic neurotomy, RON) and six with either macula hole or membrane were included. An oxygen probe was inserted before removal of the vitreous (pre-vitrectomy) and after removal of the vitreous (post-vitrectomy). In the patients with CRVO, measurements were taken before RON was performed. Oxygenation recordings (PO2) were taken in the mid-vitreous cavity and the preretinal vitreous.

Results

Mean age was 65 years. In controls, pre-vitrectomy, the mean PO2 adjacent to the retina (15.0 mmHg S.D.5.7) was significantly less than mid-cavity (33.7 mmHg S.D.12.8). Similarly in CRVO, the pre-vitrectomy pre-retinal PO2 (8.1 mmHg S.D. 3.5), was significantly less than mid-cavity (19.8 mmHg S.D.7.3). The mean PO2 was significantly less in the eyes with CRVO than in control eyes. Post-vitrectomy, the PO2 was significantly greater than pre-vitrectomy at both recording sites in the controls mid-cavity (61.5 mmHg S.D.13.9) and pre-retinal (75.8 mmHg S.D. 9.1), and CRVO eyes mid-cavity (53.7 mmHg S.D. 17.9) and pre-retinal (59.8 mmHg S.D. 15.8).

Conclusion

PO2 is reduced in the vitreous cavity in CRVO. Vitrectomy may be a method of increasing oxygen availability to the retina.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. The Central Vein Occlusion Study Group (1997) Natural history and clinical management of central retinal vein occlusion. Arch Ophthalmol 115(4):486–491

    Google Scholar 

  2. Williamson TH (1997) Central retinal vein occlusion: what's the story? Br J Ophthalmol 81(8):698–704, doi:10.1136/bjo.81.8.698

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Williamson TH (2007) “throttle” mechanism in the central retinal vein in the region of the lamina cribrosa. Br J Ophthalmol 91(9):1190–1193, doi:10.1136/bjo.2006.102798

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Pe'er J, Folberg R, Itin A et al (1998) Vascular endothelial growth factor upregulation in human central retinal vein occlusion. Ophthalmology 105(3):412–416, doi:10.1016/S0161-6420(98)93020-2

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Weiss JN (1998) Treatment of central retinal vein occlusion by injection of tissue plasminogen activator into a retinal vein. Am J Ophthalmol 126(1):142–144, doi:10.1016/S0002-9394(98)00086-5

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Williamson TH, O'Donnell A (2005) Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide for cystoid macular edema in nonischemic central retinal vein occlusion. Am J Ophthalmol 139(5):860–866, doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2005.01.001

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Iturralde D, Spaide RF, Meyerle CB et al (2006) Intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) treatment of macular edema in central retinal vein occlusion: a short-term study. Retina 26(3):279–284, doi:10.1097/00006982-200603000-00005

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Spaide RF, Chang LK, Klancnik JM et al (2008) Prospective study of intravitreal ranibizumab as a treatment for decreased visual acuity secondary to central retinal vein occlusion. Am J Ophthalmol

  9. Opremcak EM, Bruce RA, Lomeo MD et al (2001) Radial optic neurotomy for central retinal vein occlusion: a retrospective pilot study of 11 consecutive cases. Retina 21(5):408–415, doi:10.1097/00006982-200110000-00002

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Opremcak EM, Rehmar AJ, Ridenour CD, Kurz DE (2006) Radial optic neurotomy for central retinal vein occlusion: 117 consecutive cases. Retina 26(3):297–305, doi:10.1097/00006982-200603000-00008

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Williamson TH, Poon W, Whitefield L et al (2003) A pilot study of pars plana vitrectomy, intraocular gas, and radial neurotomy in ischaemic central retinal vein occlusion. Br J Ophthalmol 87(9):1126–1129, doi:10.1136/bjo.87.9.1126

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Williamson TH, Baxter GM (1994) Central retinal vein occlusion, an investigation by color Doppler imaging. Blood velocity characteristics and prediction of iris neovascularization. Ophthalmology 101(8):1362–1372

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Williamson TH (1994) What is the use of ocular blood flow measurement? Br J Ophthalmol 78(5):326, doi:10.1136/bjo.78.5.326

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Holekamp NM, Shui YB, Beebe D (2006) Lower intraocular oxygen tension in diabetic patients: possible contribution to decreased incidence of nuclear sclerotic cataract. Am J Ophthalmol 141(6):1027–1032, doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2006.01.016

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Stefansson E (2006) Ocular oxygenation and the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Surv Ophthalmol 51(4):364–380, doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2006.04.005

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Maeda N, Tano Y (1996) Intraocular oxygen tension in eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy with and without vitreous. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 234(Suppl 1):S66–S69, doi:10.1007/BF02343050

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Stefansson E (1990) Oxygen and diabetic eye disease. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 228(2):120–123, doi:10.1007/BF00935719

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Sakaue H, Tsukahara Y, Negi A et al (1989) Measurement of vitreous oxygen tension in human eyes. Jpn J Ophthalmol 33(2):199–203

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Stefansson E, Landers MB III, Wolbarsht ML (1983) Oxygenation and vasodilatation in relation to diabetic and other proliferative retinopathies. Ophthalmic Surg 14(3):209–226

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Stefansson E, Landers MB III, Wolbarsht ML (1981) Increased retinal oxygen supply following pan-retinal photocoagulation and vitrectomy and lensectomy. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 79:307–334

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Alder VA, Yu DY, Cringle SJ (1991) Vitreal oxygen tension measurements in the rat eye. Exp Eye Res 52(3):293–299, doi:10.1016/0014-4835(91)90093-T

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Barbazetto IA, Liang J, Chang S et al (2004) Oxygen tension in the rabbit lens and vitreous before and after vitrectomy. Exp Eye Res 78(5):917–924, doi:10.1016/j.exer.2004.01.003

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Wilson CA, Benner JD, Berkowitz BA et al (1994) Transcorneal oxygenation of the preretinal vitreous. Arch Ophthalmol 112(6):839–845

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Holekamp NM, Shui YB, Beebe DC (2005) Vitrectomy surgery increases oxygen exposure to the lens: a possible mechanism for nuclear cataract formation. Am J Ophthalmol 139(2):302–310, doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2004.09.046

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Diabetic Retinopathy Vitrectomy Study Group (1990) Early vitrectomy for severe vitreous hemorrhage in diabetic retinopathy. Four-year results of a randomized trial: Diabetic Retinopathy Vitrectomy Study Report 5. Arch Ophthalmol 108(7):958–964

    Google Scholar 

  26. Opremcak EM, Rehmar AJ, Ridenour CD et al (2006) Radial optic neurotomy with adjunctive intraocular triamcinolone for central retinal vein occlusion: 63 consecutive cases. Retina 26(3):306–313, doi:10.1097/00006982-200603000-00009

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Czajka MP, Cummings TJ, McCuen BW et al (2004) Radial optic neurotomy in the porcine eye without retinal vein occlusion. Arch Ophthalmol 122(8):1185–1189, doi:10.1001/archopht.122.8.1185

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Alder VA, Cringle SJ (1990) Vitreal and retinal oxygenation. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 228(2):151–157, doi:10.1007/BF00935725

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Roy M, Bartow W, Ambrus J et al (1989) Retinal leakage in retinal vein occlusion: reduction after hyperbaric oxygen. Ophthalmologica 198(2):78–83

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Wilson CA, Berkowitz BA, Srebro R (1995) Perfluorinated organic liquid as an intraocular oxygen reservoir for the ischemic retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 36(1):131–141

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Blair NP, Baker DS, Rhode JP, Solomon M (1989) Vitreoperfusion. A new approach to ocular ischemia. Arch Ophthalmol 107(3):417–423

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. de Juan E Jr, Hardy M, Hatchell DL, Hatchell MC (1986) The effect of intraocular silicone oil on anterior chamber oxygen pressure in cats. Arch Ophthalmol 104(7):1063–1064

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, St. Thomas Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK

    Tom H. Williamson, Jas Grewal, Bhaskar Gupta & Bataung Mokete

  2. Department of Anaesthetics, St. Thomas Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK

    Morton Lim

  3. Postgraduate Medical School, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7WG, UK

    Christopher H. Fry

Authors
  1. Tom H. Williamson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jas Grewal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Bhaskar Gupta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Bataung Mokete
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Morton Lim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Christopher H. Fry
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tom H. Williamson.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Williamson, T.H., Grewal, J., Gupta, B. et al. Measurement of PO2 during vitrectomy for central retinal vein occlusion, a pilot study. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 247, 1019–1023 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-009-1072-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-009-1072-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation