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Update on subarachnoid haemorrhage

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Abstract

Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is less frequent than ischaemic stroke or intracerebral haemorrhage, but has a high public health relevance because it can affect young and middle-age adults, has considerable mortality and morbidity, it is treatable and preventable. SAH is traditionally a topic for neurosurgeons. However as endovascular interventions are becoming effective alternatives to surgical treatment, SAH should turn out to be of interest to neurologists, in particular to those devoted to stroke, emergency and neurointensive care.Despite stable incidence, the mortality of SAH has decreased in the last two decades due to better neurosurgical techniques and neurocritical care and to advances in interventional neuroradiological procedures.

We review the recent advances in the clinical and diagnostic aspects of SAH and in the genetics of intracranial aneurysms. A systematic review of the treatment of SAH and grading of the available evidence is included.

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Abbreviations

SAH:

subarachnoid haemorrhage

RR:

relative risk

OR:

odds ratio

CT:

computerized tomography

CSF:

cerebrospinal fluid

MR:

magnetic resonance

EEG:

electroencephalogram

ECG:

electrocardiogram

WFNSS:

World Federation of Neurological Surgeons Scale

RCT:

randomised controlled trial

ICU:

intensive care unit

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  1. Dept. of Neurosciences, Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Hospital de Santa Maria, 1649-035, Lisboa, Portugal

    J. M. Ferro, P. Canhão & R. Peralta

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  2. P. Canhão
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  3. R. Peralta
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to J. M. Ferro.

Additional information

Presented at the “Teaching Course on Stroke”, 16th meeting of the European Neurological Society,May 26, 2006, Lausanne

METHODS OF THE REVIEW: information for this review was retrieved from the author’s files and MEDLINE search of the years 2002–2006 using the key words subarachnoid haemorrhage and guidelines, review, epidemiology, genetics, treatment, clinical trials and vasospasm.

Conflicts of interest. The 1st author received travel grants from Bayer (manufacturer of nimodipine) and a research grant from the manufacturer of nicardipine.

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Ferro, J.M., Canhão, P. & Peralta, R. Update on subarachnoid haemorrhage. J Neurol 255, 465–479 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-008-0606-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-008-0606-3

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