Abstract
Chemical interdiffusion of Fe–Mg along the c-axis [001] in natural diopside crystals (X Di = 0.93) was experimentally studied at ambient pressure, at temperatures ranging from 800 to 1,200 °C and oxygen fugacities from 10−11 to 10−17 bar. Diffusion couples were prepared by ablating an olivine (X Fo = 0.3) target to deposit a thin film (20–100 nm) onto a polished surface of a natural, oriented diopside crystal using the pulsed laser deposition technique. After diffusion anneals, compositional depth profiles at the near surface region (~400 nm) were measured using Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy. In the experimental temperature and compositional range, no strong dependence of D Fe–Mg on composition of clinopyroxene (Fe/Mg ratio between Di93–Di65) or oxygen fugacity could be detected within the resolution of the study. The lack of fO2-dependence may be related to the relatively high Al content of the crystals used in this study. Diffusion coefficients, D Fe–Mg, can be described by a single Arrhenius relation with
D Fe–Mg in clinopyroxene appears to be faster than diffusion involving Ca-species (e.g., D Ca–Mg) while it is slower than D Fe–Mg in other common mafic minerals (spinel, olivine, garnet, and orthopyroxene). As a consequence, diffusion in clinopyroxene may be the rate-limiting process for the freezing of many geothermometers, and compositional zoning in clinopyroxene may preserve records of a higher (compared to that preserved in other coexisting mafic minerals) temperature segment of the thermal history of a rock. In the absence of pervasive recrystallization, clinopyroxene grains will retain compositions from peak temperatures at their cores in most geological and planetary settings where peak temperatures did not exceed ~1,100 °C (e.g., resetting may be expected in slowly cooled mantle rocks, many plutonic mafic rocks, or ultra-high temperature metamorphic rocks).
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Acknowledgments
This studied was financially supported by grants from the DFG and the Ruhr-Universität Bochum to S. Chakraborty that funded the positions of T.M., R.D. and J.T.H. as well as the running of the experimental petrology and the thin film deposition labs. We gratefully acknowledge the constructive comments of Daniele Cherniak, an anonymous reviewer, and the handling editor Jon Blundy.
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Müller, T., Dohmen, R., Becker, H.W. et al. Fe–Mg interdiffusion rates in clinopyroxene: experimental data and implications for Fe–Mg exchange geothermometers. Contrib Mineral Petrol 166, 1563–1576 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-013-0941-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-013-0941-y