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Shallow-level decompression crystallisation and deep magma supply at Shiveluch Volcano

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Abstract

Recent petrological studies indicate that some crustal magma chambers may be built up slowly by the intermittent ascent and amalgamation of small packets of magma generated in a deep-seated source region. Despite having little effect on whole-rock compositions, this process should be detectable as variable melt trace element composition, preserved as melt inclusions trapped in phenocrysts. We studied trace element and H2O contents of plagioclase- and hornblende-hosted melt inclusions from andesite lavas and pumices of Shiveluch Volcano, Kamchatka. Melt inclusions are significantly more evolved than the whole rocks, indicating that the whole rocks contain a significant proportion of recycled foreign material. H2O concentrations indicate trapping at a wide range of pressures, consistent with shallow decompression-driven crystallisation. The variation of trace element concentrations indicates up to ∼30% decompression crystallisation, which accounts for crystallisation of the groundmass and rims on phenocrysts. Trace element scatter could be explained by episodic stalling during shallow magma ascent, allowing incompatible element concentrations to increase during isobaric crystallisation. Enrichment of Li at intermediate pH2O reflects influx and condensation of metal-rich vapours. A set of “exotic melts”, identified by their anomalous incompatible trace element characteristics, indicate variable source chemistry. This is consistent with evolution of individual magma batches with small differences in trace element chemistry, and intermittent ascent of magma pulses.

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Acknowledgements

MCSH was supported by a NERC PhD studentship and JDB by a NERC Senior Research Fellowship. RSJS acknowledges the support of a Royal Society Wolfson Merit Award. We are very grateful to Richard Hinton, Simone Kasemann and John Craven (Ion Microprobe Facility, University of Edinburgh) for assistance with ion microprobe analysis, and to Stuart Kearns (University of Bristol) for assistance with EPMA. The manuscript was improved by reviews by Maxim Portnyagin and an anonymous reviewer.

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  1. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EQ, UK

    M. C. S. Humphreys

  2. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen’s Road, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, UK

    M. C. S. Humphreys, J. D. Blundy & R. S. J. Sparks

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  1. M. C. S. Humphreys
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Humphreys, M.C.S., Blundy, J.D. & Sparks, R.S.J. Shallow-level decompression crystallisation and deep magma supply at Shiveluch Volcano. Contrib Mineral Petrol 155, 45–61 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-007-0223-7

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