Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Correlation between the duration of locoregional control and survival in T1–T2 oropharyngeal cancer patients

  • Head & Neck
  • Published:
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the correlation between the time to locoregional recurrence and survival in T1–T2 oropharyngeal squamous-cell carcinoma (OPSCC) patients.

Methods

A retrospective, single-site study of patients with T1–T2 OPSCC treated with curative intent between 2000 and 2015 who had a locoregional recurrence without distant metastases. Patients without a disease-free interval (i.e., persistent macroscopic disease after the end of treatment and a time to locoregional recurrence of less than 3 months) were excluded. The endpoint considered was overall survival (OS).

Results

Out of 602 T1–T2 OPSCC patients, 121 patients had a locoregional recurrence and they were, hence, analyzed. All of the patients were heavy-smokers, with a consumption of more than 20 pack-years. The recurrence was local in 59.5%, regional in 27.3%, and both local and regional in 13.2% of the patients. The median time to locoregional recurrence and median OS was 15 months and 44 months, respectively. The time to locoregional recurrence was correlated with OS (p < 0.0001). In multivariate analyses, factors associated with survival were an initial N0–N2a versus N2b–N3 nodal staging and a 12-month threshold for the time to locoregional recurrence.

Conclusions

Locoregional control in T1–T2 OPSCC is not only a qualitative prognostic factor but also a quantitative prognostic factor of survival. A time to locoregional recurrence of less than 12 months was correlated with an unfavorable prognosis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Hunter KD, Parkinson EK, Harrison PR (2005) Profiling early head and neck cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 5(2):127–135. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc1549

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A (2018) Cancer statistics, 2018. CA Cancer J Clin 68(1):7–30. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21442

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Khalid MB, Ting P, Pai A, Russo JL, Bakst R, Chai RL, Teng MS, Genden EM, Miles BA (2018) Initial presentation of human papillomavirus-related head and neck cancer: a retrospective review. Laryngoscope. https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.27296

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Turner MT, Byrd JK, Ferris RL (2016) Current role of surgery in the management of oropharyngeal cancer. J Oncol Pract 12(11):1176–1183. https://doi.org/10.1200/JOP.2016.015263

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. Chen AY, Zhu J, Fedewa S (2014) Temporal trends in oropharyngeal cancer treatment and survival: 1998–2009. Laryngoscope 124(1):131–138. https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.24296

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Goodwin WJ (2000) Salvage surgery for patients with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract: when do the ends justify the means?. Laryngoscope 110(93):1–18. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005537-200003001-00001

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Agra IM, Carvalho AL, Pontes E, Campos OD, Ulbrich FS, Magrin J, Kowalski LP (2003) Postoperative complications after en bloc salvage surgery for head and neck cancer. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 129(12):1317–1321. https://doi.org/10.1001/archotol.129.12.1317

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Kostrzewa JP, Lancaster WP, Iseli TA, Desmond RA, Carroll WR, Rosenthal EL (2010) Outcomes of salvage surgery with free flap reconstruction for recurrent oral and oropharyngeal cancer. Laryngoscope 120(2):267–272. https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.20743

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Philouze P, Peron J, Poupart M, Pujo K, Buiret G, Ceruse P (2017) Salvage surgery for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas: a retrospective study from 2005 to 2013. Head Neck 39(9):1744–1750. https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.24827

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Jayaram SC, Muzaffar SJ, Ahmed I, Dhanda J, Paleri V, Mehanna H (2016) Efficacy, outcomes, and complication rates of different surgical and nonsurgical treatment modalities for recurrent/residual oropharyngeal carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Head Neck 38(12):1855–1861. https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.24531

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Kao SS, Ooi EH (2018) Survival outcomes following salvage surgery for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: systematic review. J Laryngol Otol 132(4):299–313. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022215117000998

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Agra IM, Carvalho AL, Ulbrich FS, de Campos OD, Martins EP, Magrin J, Kowalski LP (2006) Prognostic factors in salvage surgery for recurrent oral and oropharyngeal cancer. Head Neck 28(2):107–113. https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.20309

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Zafereo ME, Hanasono MM, Rosenthal DI, Sturgis EM, Lewin JS, Roberts DB, Weber RS (2009) The role of salvage surgery in patients with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx. Cancer 115(24):5723–5733. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.24595

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Kim J, Kim S, Albergotti WG, Choi PA, Kaplan DJ, Abberbock S, Johnson JT, Gildener-Leapman N (2015) Selection of ideal candidates for surgical salvage of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: effect of the Charlson-Age Comorbidity Index and oncologic characteristics on 1-year survival and hospital course. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 141(12):1059–1065. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoto.2015.2158

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  15. Hamoir M, Holvoet E, Ambroise J, Lengele B, Schmitz S (2017) Salvage surgery in recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: oncologic outcome and predictors of disease-free survival. Oral Oncol 67:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.01.008

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Stell PM (1991) Time to recurrence of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Head Neck 13(4):277–281

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Liu SA, Wong YK, Lin JC, Poon CK, Tung KC, Tsai WC (2007) Impact of recurrence interval on survival of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma patients after local relapse. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 136(1):112–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2006.07.002

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Ho AS, Kraus DH, Ganly I, Lee NY, Shah JP, Morris LG (2014) Decision making in the management of recurrent head and neck cancer. Head Neck 36(1):144–151. https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.23227

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Omura G, Saito Y, Ando M, Kobayashi K, Ebihara Y, Yamasoba T, Asakage T (2014) Salvage surgery for local residual or recurrent pharyngeal cancer after radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Laryngoscope 124(9):2075–2080. https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.24695

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Lacau St Guily J, Rousseau A, Baujat B, Perie S, Schultz P, Barry B, Dufour X, Malard O, Pretet JL, Clavel C, Birembaut P, Franceschi S, Papillophar G (2017) Oropharyngeal cancer prognosis by tumour HPV status in France: the multicentric Papillophar study. Oral Oncol 67:29–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.01.012

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Huang SH, Xu W, Waldron J, Siu L, Shen X, Tong L, Ringash J, Bayley A, Kim J, Hope A, Cho J, Giuliani M, Hansen A, Irish J, Gilbert R, Gullane P, Perez-Ordonez B, Weinreb I, Liu FF, O’Sullivan B (2015) Refining American Joint Committee on Cancer/Union for International Cancer Control TNM stage and prognostic groups for human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal carcinomas. J Clin Oncol 33(8):836–845. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2014.58.6412

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Liskamp CP, Janssens GO, Bussink J, Melchers WJ, Kaanders JH, Verhoef CG (2016) Adverse effect of smoking on prognosis in human papillomavirus-associated oropharyngeal carcinoma. Head Neck 38(12):1780–1787. https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.24516

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Hong AM, Martin A, Chatfield M, Jones D, Zhang M, Armstrong B, Lee CS, Harnett G, Milross C, Clark J, Elliott M, Smee R, Corry J, Liu C, Porceddu S, Rees G, Rose B (2013) Human papillomavirus, smoking status and outcomes in tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer 132(12):2748–2754. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.27956

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Maxwell JH, Kumar B, Feng FY, Worden FP, Lee JS, Eisbruch A, Wolf GT, Prince ME, Moyer JS, Teknos TN, Chepeha DB, McHugh JB, Urba SG, Stoerker J, Walline HM, Kurnit DM, Cordell KG, Davis SJ, Ward PD, Bradford CR, Carey TE (2010) Tobacco use in human papillomavirus-positive advanced oropharynx cancer patients related to increased risk of distant metastases and tumor recurrence. Clin Cancer Res 16(4):1226–1235. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-2350

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  25. Lin BM, Wang H, D’Souza G, Zhang Z, Fakhry C, Joseph AW, Drake VE, Sanguineti G, Westra WH, Pai SI (2013) Long-term prognosis and risk factors among patients with HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer 119(19):3462–3471. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.28250

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Gustave Roussy Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, 14 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94800, Villejuif, France

    Alexandre Caula, Marc Boukhris, Joanne Guerlain, Ingrid Breuskin, Haitham Mirghani, Stéphane Temam & Philippe Gorphe

  2. Department of Radiotherapy, Gustave Roussy Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France

    Yungan Tao

Authors
  1. Alexandre Caula
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Marc Boukhris
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Joanne Guerlain
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yungan Tao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Ingrid Breuskin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Haitham Mirghani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Stéphane Temam
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Philippe Gorphe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Philippe Gorphe.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Formal consent for participation has been given by patients.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Caula, A., Boukhris, M., Guerlain, J. et al. Correlation between the duration of locoregional control and survival in T1–T2 oropharyngeal cancer patients. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 276, 1161–1166 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-019-05293-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-019-05293-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation