Abstract
The management of head and neck cancer (HNC) can lead to potentially severe physical, functional and psychological disturbances. As a result, many HNC patients develop symptoms of depression following diagnosis and treatment. Finding benefit in a disease and its treatment can reduce the symptoms of depression and enhance quality of life (QOL). 92 patients from the Head and Neck Cancer Clinic at Auckland Hospital completed measures of unmet needs and quality of life at diagnosis, and completed measures of benefit finding, coping, fear of recurrence and depression 12–18 months later. Patients reported at least moderate benefit finding in the majority of areas. More benefit finding was predicted by the presence of more advanced disease, Maori/Pacific Island ethnicity, lower baseline QOL, and the use of active coping strategies. These findings support the view that screening for QOL at diagnosis and facilitating the development of coping skills may lead to improved benefit finding and psychological adjustment in people with head and neck cancer. Identification of the factors that facilitate benefit finding may assist management of patients after treatment for HNC.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Katz MR, Irish JC, Devins GM, Rodin GM, Gullane PJ (2003) Psychosocial adjustment in head and neck cancer: the impact of disfigurement, gender and social support. Head Neck 25(2):103–112. doi:10.1002/hed.10174
Taylor JC, Terrell JE, Ronis DL, Fowler KE, Bishop C, Lambert MT, Myers LL, Duffy SA, Bradford CR, Chepeha DB, Hogikyan ND, Prince ME, Teknos TN, Wolf GT (2004) Disability in patients with head and neck cancer. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 130(6):764–769. doi:10.1001/archotol.130.6.764
D’Antonio LL, Long SA, Zimmerman GJ, Peterman AH, Petti GH, Chonkich GD (1998) Relationship between quality of life and depression in patients with head and neck cancer. Laryngoscope 108(6):806–811
Haisfield-Wolfe ME, McGuire DB, Soeken K, Geiger-Brown J, De Forge BR (2009) Prevalence and correlates of depression among patients with head and neck cancer: a systematic review of implications for research. Oncol Nurs Forum 36(3):E107–E125
Stanton AL (2006) Psychosocial concerns and interventions for cancer survivors. J Clin Oncol 24(32):5132–5137. doi:10.1200/JCO.2006.06.8775
Tomich PL, Helgeson VS (2004) Is finding something good in the bad always good? Benefit finding among women with breast cancer. Health Psychol 23(1):16–23. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.23.1.16
Tedeschi RG, Calhoun LG (2004) Posttraumatic growth: conceptual foundations and empirical evidence. Psychol Inq 15(1):1–18
Carver CS, Antoni MH (2004) Finding benefit in breast cancer during the year after diagnosis predicts better adjustment 5 to 8 years after diagnosis. Health Psychol 23(6):595–598. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.23.6.595
Urcuyo KR, Boyers AE, Carver CS, Antoni MH (2005) Finding benefit in breast cancer: relations with personality, coping and concurrent well-being. Psychol Health 20(2):175–192
Rinaldis M, Pakenham KI, Lynch BM (2010) Relationships between quality of life and finding benefits in a diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Br J Psychol 101(2):259–275
Manne S, Ostroff J, Winkel G, Goldstein L, Fox K, Grana G (2004) Posttraumatic growth after breast cancer: patient, partner, and couple perspectives. Psychosom Med 66(3):442–454
Thornton H (2002) Patient perspectives on involvement in cancer research in the UK. Eur J Cancer Care 11(3):205–209
Thornton AA, Perez MA (2006) Posttraumatic growth in prostate cancer survivors and their partners. Psychooncology 15(4):285–296. doi:10.1002/pon.953
Kangas M, Williams JR, Smee RI (2011) Benefit finding in adults treated for benign meningioma brain tumours: relations with psychosocial wellbeing. Brain Impair 12(2):105–116
Schroevers MJ, Kraaij V, Garnefski N (2011) Cancer patients’ experience of positive and negative changes due to the illness: relationships with psychological well-being, coping, and goal reengagement. Psychooncology 20(2):165–172
Wicks L, Mitchell A (2010) The adolescent cancer experience: loss of control and benefit finding. Eur J Cancer Care 19(6):778–785
Thornton AA, Owen JE, Kernstine K, Koczywas M, Grannis F, Cristea M, Reckamp K, Stanton AL (2012) Predictors of finding benefit after lung cancer diagnosis. Psychooncology 21(4):365–373. doi:10.1002/pon.1904
Helgeson VS, Reynolds KA, Tomlich PL (2006) A meta-analytic review of benefit finding and growth. J Consult Clin Psych 74:797–816
Llewellyn CD, Horney DJ, McGurk M, Weinman J, Herold J, Altman K, Smith HE (2013) Assessing the psychological predictors of benefit finding in patients with head and neck cancer. Psycho-Oncol 22(1):97–105
Thambyrajah C, Herold J, Altman K, Llewellyn C (2010) “Cancer doesn’t mean curtains”: benefit finding in patients with head and neck cancer in remission. J Psychosoc Oncol 28(6):666–682
Stanton AL, Bower JE, Low CA (2006) Post traumatic growth after cancer. In: Calhoun LG, Tedeschi RG (eds) Handbook of post traumatic growth: research and practic. Erlbaum, Mahwah, pp 138–175
Taylor SE (1983) Adjustment to threatening events: a theory of cognitive adaptation. Am Psychol 38(11):1161–1172
Penedo FJ, Dahn JR, Shen BJ, Schneiderman N, Antoni MH (2006) Ethnicity and determinants of quality of life after prostate cancer treatment. Urology 67(5):1022–1027. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2005.11.019
Belizzi KM (2004) Expressions of generativity and post traumatic growth in adult cancer survivors. Int J Aging Hum Dev 58:267–287
Belizzi KM, Blank TO (2006) Predicting post traumatic growth in breast cancer survivors. Health Psychol 25:47–56
Bower JE, Meyerowitz BE, Desmond KA, Bernaards CA, Rowland JH, Ganz PA (2005) Perceptions of positive meaning and vulnerability following breast cancer: predictors and outcomes among long-term breast cancer survivors. Ann Behav Med 29(3):236–245. doi:10.1207/s15324796abm2903_10
Lechner SC, Zakowski SG, Antoni MH, Greenhawt M, Block K, Block P (2003) Do sociodemographic and disease-related variables influence benefit-finding in cancer patients? Psycho-Oncol 12(5):491–499. doi:10.1002/pon.671
Widows MR, Jacobsen PB, Booth-Jones M, Fields KK (2005) Predictors of posttraumatic growth following bone marrow transplantation for cancer. Health Psychol 24(3):266–273. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.3.266
Linley PA, Joseph S (2004) Positive change following trauma and adversity: a review. J Trauma Stress 17(1):11–21
Schulz U, Mohamed NE (2004) Turning the tide: benefit finding after cancer surgery. Soc Sci Med 59(3):653–662. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2003.11.019
Andrykowski MA, Curran SL, Studts JL, Cunningham L, Carpenter JS, McGrath PC, Sloan DA, Kenady DE (1996) Psychosocial adjustment and quality of life in women with breast cancer and benign breast problems: a controlled comparison. J Clin Epidemiol 49(8):827–834
Sears SR, Stanton AL, Danoff-Burg S (2003) The yellow brick road and the emerald city: benefit finding, positive reappraisal coping and posttraumatic growth in women with early-stage breast cancer. Health Psychol 22(5):487–497. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.22.5.487
Marteau TM, Bekker H (1992) The development of a six-item short-form of the state scale of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Br J Clin Psychol 31(Pt 3):301–306
Antoni MH, Lehman JM, Kilbourn KM, Boyers AE, Culver JL, Alferi SM, Yount SE, McGregor BA, Arena PL, Harris SD, Price AA, Carver CS (2001) Cognitive-behavioral stress management intervention decreases the prevalence of depression and enhances benefit finding among women under treatment for early-stage breast cancer. Health Psychol 20(1):20–32
Dunn J, Occhipinti S, Campbell A, Ferguson M, Chambers SK (2011) Benefit finding after cancer: the role of optimism, intrusive thinking and social environment. J Health Psychol 16(1):169–177
Curbow B, Legro MW, Baker F, Wingard JR, Somerfield MR (1993) Loss and recovery themes of long-term survivors of bone marrow transplants. J PsychosocOncol 10(4):1–20
Tennen H, Affleck G (2002) Benefit-finding and benefit reminding. In: Snyder CR, Lopez SJ (eds) Handbook of positive psychology. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 584–597
Park CL, Cohen LH, Murch RL (1996) Assessment and prediction of stress-related growth. J Pers 64(1):71–105
Rajandram RK, Jenewein J, McGrath C, Zwahlen RA (2011) Coping processes relevant to posttraumatic growth: an evidence-based review. Support Care Cancer 19(5):583–589. doi:10.1007/s00520-011-1105-0
Weymuller EA Jr, Alsarraf R, Yueh B, Deleyiannis FW, Coltrera MD (2001) Analysis of the performance characteristics of the University of Washington Quality of Life instrument and its modification (UW-QOL-R). Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 127(5):489–493
Rogers SN, Lowe D, Yueh B, Weymuller EA Jr (2010) The physical function and social-emotional function subscales of the University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 136(4):352–357. doi:10.1001/archoto.2010.32
Lowe B, Kroenke K, Herzog W, Grafe K (2004) Measuring depression outcome with a brief self-report instrument: sensitivity to change of the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9). J Affect Disord 81(1):61–66. doi:10.1016/S0165-0327(03)00198-8
Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB (2001) The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med 16(9):606–613
Easterling DV, Leventhal H (1989) Contribution of concrete cognition to emotion: neutral symptoms as elicitors of worry about cancer. J Appl Psychol 74(5):787–796
Humphris GM, Rogers S, McNally D, Lee-Jones C, Brown J, Vaughan D (2003) Fear of recurrence and possible cases of anxiety and depression in orofacial cancer patients. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 32(5):486–491
Wade TD, Nehmy T, Koczwara B (2005) Predicting worries about health after breast cancer surgery. Psycho-Oncol 14(2005):503–509
Carver CS (1997) You want to measure coping but your protocol’s too long: consider the brief COPE. Int J Behav Med 4(1):92–100. doi:10.1207/s15327558ijbm0401_6
Kinsinger DP, Penedo FJ, Antoni MH, Dahn JR, Lechner S, Schneiderman N (2006) Psychosocial and sociodemographic correlates of benefit-finding in men treated for localized prostate cancer. Psycho-Oncol 15(11):954–961. doi:10.1002/pon.1028
Harrington S, McGurk M, Llewellyn CD (2008) Positive consequences of head and neck cancer: key correlates of finding benefit. JPsychosoc Oncol 26(3):43–62
Cordova MJ, Cunningham LL, Carlson CR, Andrykowski MA (2001) Posttraumatic growth following breast cancer: a controlled comparison study. Health Psychol 20(3):176–185
Helgeson VS, Lepore SJ, Eton DT (2006) Moderators of the benefits of psychoeducational interventions for men with prostate cancer. Health Psychol 25(3):348–354. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.25.3.348
Salsman JM, Segerstrom SC, Brechting EH, Carlson CR, Andrykowski MA (2008) Posttraumatic growth and PTSD symptomatology among colorectal cancer survivors: a 3 month longitudinal examination of cognitive processing. Psycho-Oncol 18(1):30–41
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cavell, S., Broadbent, E., Donkin, L. et al. Observations of benefit finding in head and neck cancer patients. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 273, 479–485 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-015-3527-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-015-3527-7