Are bovine pericardium underlay xenograft and butterfly inlay autograft efficient for transcanal tympanoplasty?

Abstract

To evaluate the success rate and the surgical procedure of two different transcanal myringoplasty techniques using the Tutopatch^® (Tutogen Medical, Inc., Alachua, FL, USA), a xenograft produced from bovine pericardium or the butterfly, an inlay tragal cartilage autograft. This is a retrospective study. We studied all cases of transcanal myringoplasty with Tutopatch and butterfly, performed by the same surgeon between April 2005 and May 2013. Perforations were secondary to chronic otitis media without cholesteatoma, perforation post ventilation tube or trauma. They were not exceeding one-third of the tympanic membrane surface for the Tutopatch and one quarter for the butterfly. We evaluated the anatomical success rate, complications and postoperative hearing results in both techniques. A total of 106 myringoplasties were performed: 66 with Tutopatch and 40 with butterfly with a mean follow-up of 16.5 and 5.2 months, respectively. Successful closure rates of Tutopatch and butterfly were 75.8 % (P < 0.0001) and 85.0 % (P < 0.0001), respectively. Myringitis controlled with topical antibiotics treatment occurred in 8 (12.1 %) and 5 (12.5 %) cases. Eighty percent of patients with Tutopatch had a mean residual air-bone gap within 10 dB, compared to 85.0 % in patients with butterfly. When anatomically feasible, a transcanal approach myringoplasty with a Tutopatch^® graft or butterfly appears to provide good anatomical and functional results. We show that both techniques provide good anatomical and functional results. The butterfly has the advantage to use an autograft, which is surgically easier because it does not require tympanomeatal flap elevation. We recommend the butterfly technique for non-marginal perforation not exceeding one quarter of the tympanic membrane after excision of the perforation edge and Tutopatch for bigger perforation or when standard autografts are not available. Myringitis is the only described complication without specific incidence.