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The role of genetic factor in etiopathogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in young adults

  • Head and Neck
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Abstract

Patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) aged less than 45 years are categorized as young adults (YA) and in opinion of many authors in comparison to older (typical) patients (OP) are characterized with more serious form of the disease and often lack the classical risk factors associated with the illness. Hence, there is a need of an exact clinical analysis and a search for additional causative factors. The purpose of this study was to estimate the role of genetic factors in the etiology of HNSCC in YA. Studies carried out on 60 patients of the study group (YA) and 72 older control patients were directed to: (1) a degree of spontaneous and induced chromosome breaks estimated by bleomycin test, (2) a degree of spontaneous and induced DNA damage and a potential of DNA repair determined by comet assay and (3) polymorphism of genes of glutathione transferases M1 and T1, responsible for detoxification of metabolites of carcinogens of tobacco smoke, studied by PCR-based genotyping. The level of chromosome breaks (spontaneous and induced), the level of DNA damage (spontaneous and induced), DNA repair potential and the distribution of polymorphic variants of GSTT1 gene are not significantly different in YA and in OP, which suggests that these factors do not appear the causative factors for HNSCC in young age. The significant risk factor of HNSCC in YA may be GSTM1 null genotype, which may cause the defective detoxification of metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of tobacco smoke.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355, Poznan, Poland

    Wojciech Gawęcki, Krzysztof Szyfter & Witold Szyfter

  2. Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland

    Magdalena Kostrzewska-Poczekaj, Marzena Gajęcka & Krzysztof Szyfter

  3. Radiotherapy Department, Great Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland

    Piotr Milecki

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  1. Wojciech Gawęcki
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  2. Magdalena Kostrzewska-Poczekaj
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  3. Marzena Gajęcka
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  5. Krzysztof Szyfter
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  6. Witold Szyfter
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Correspondence to Wojciech Gawęcki.

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Gawęcki, W., Kostrzewska-Poczekaj, M., Gajęcka, M. et al. The role of genetic factor in etiopathogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in young adults. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 264, 1459–1465 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-007-0386-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-007-0386-x

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