Abstract
The shear modulus of the vocal fold is an essential parameter required to enhance our understanding of how the vocal fold operates, to develop mathematical models of phonatation, and to provide benchmarks to quantify the effectiveness of surgical procedures. The authors announced the successful deployment of an instrument to measure vocal fold elasticity in vivo last year, and now present the data taken from eight patients in vivo. The shear modulus was measured at the mid-membranous point, in a transverse direction with respect to the axis drawn between the anterior commissure and vocal process. The range of mean shear modulus results is 701–2,225 Pa, with a mean value of 1,371 Pa.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00405-006-0239-z/MediaObjects/405_2006_239_Fig1_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00405-006-0239-z/MediaObjects/405_2006_239_Fig2_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00405-006-0239-z/MediaObjects/405_2006_239_Fig3_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00405-006-0239-z/MediaObjects/405_2006_239_Fig4_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00405-006-0239-z/MediaObjects/405_2006_239_Fig5_HTML.gif)
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Gunter HE (2003) A mechanical model of vocal-fold collision with high spatial and temporal resolution. J Acoust Soc Am 113(2):994–1000
Hertegård S, Dahlqvist Å, Goodyer E (2006) Viscoelastic measurements after vocal fold scarring in rabbits. Acta Otolaryngol 126(7):758–763
Hertegard S, Hallen L, Laurent C, Lindstrom E, Olofsson K, Testad P, Dahlqvist A (2002) Cross-linked hyaluronan used as augmentation substance for treatment of glottal insufficiency, safety aspects and vocal fold function. Laryngoscope 112:2211-9
Borzacchiello A, Mayol L, Garskog O, Dahlqvist A, Ambrosio L (2005) Evaluation of injection augmentation treatment of hyaluronic acid based materials on rabbit vocal folds viscoelasticity. J Mater Sci Mater Med 16(6):553–557
Chan RW, Titze IR (1999) Hyaluronic acid (with fibronectin) as a bioimplant for the vocal fold mucosa. Laryngoscope 109:1142–1149
Hahn MS, Teply BA, Stevens MM, Zeitels SM, Langer R (2006) Collagen composite hydrogels for vocal fold lamina propria restoration. Biomaterials 27(7):1104–1119, Epub 2005 Sep 9
Hirano S, Nagai H, Tateya I, Tateya T, Ford CN, Bless DM (2005) Regeneration of aged vocal folds with basic fibroblast growth factor in a rat model: a preliminary report. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 114(4):304–308
Hirano S, Bless DM, del Rio AM, Connor NP, Ford CN (2004) Therapeutic potential of growth factors for aging voice. Laryngoscope 114(12):2161–2167
Kriesel KJ, Thiebault SL, Chan RW, Suzuki T, VanGroll PJ, Bless DM, Ford CN (2002) Treatment of vocal fold scarring, rheological and histological measures of homologous collagen matrix. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 111:884–889
Chhetri DK, Head C, Revazova E, Hart S, Bhuta S, Berke GS (2004) Lamina propria replacement therapy with cultured autologous fibroblasts for vocal fold scars. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 131(6):864–870
Kanemaru S, Nakamura T, Yamashita M, Magrufov A, Kita T, Tamaki H, Tamura Y, Iguchi F, Kim TS, Kishimoto M, Omori K, Ito J (2005) Destiny of autologous bone marrow-derived stromal cells implanted in the vocal fold. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 114(12):907–912
Kanemaru S, Nakamura T, Omori K, Kojima H, Magrufov A, Hiratsuka Y, Hirano S, Ito J, Shimizu Y (2003) Regeneration of the vocal fold using autologous mesenchymal stem cells. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 112(11):915–920
Kaneko T, Uchida K, Komatsu K, Kanesaka T, Kobayashi N, Naito J (1981) Mechancial properties of the vocal fold: measurement in vivo. In: Steven KN, Hirano M (eds) Vocal fold physiology. Tokyo University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo, pp 365–376
Tamura E, Kitahara S, Kohno N (2002) Intralaryngeal application of a miniturized ultrasonic probe. Acta Otolaryngol 122:92–95
Hsiao T, Wang C, Chen C, Hsieh F, Shau Y (2002) Elasticity of human vocal folds measured in vivo using color doppler imaging. Ultrasound Med Biol 28(9):1145–1152
McGlashan JA, de Cunha DA, Hawkes DJ, Harris TM (1998) Surface mapping of the vibrating vocal folds.In: Proceedings of the 24th world congress of the international association of logopedics and phoniatrics (IALP), Amsterdam, August 1998
Tran QT, Berke GS, Gerratt BR, Kreiman J (1993) Measurement of Young’s modulus in the in vivo human vocal folds. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 102:584–591
Berke GS (1992) Intraoperative measurement of the elastic modulus of the vocal fold. Part 1. Device development. Laryngoscope 102:760–769
Berke GS, Smith ME (1992) Intraoperative measurement of the elastic modulus of the vocal fold. Part 2. Preliminary results. Laryngoscope 102:770–778
Goodyer EN, Muller F, Bramer B, Chauhan D, Hess M (2006) In vivo measurement of the elastic properties of the human vocal fold. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 263(5):445–462
Goodyer EN, Gunter H, Masaki A, Kobler J (2003) Mapping the viscoelastic properties of the vocal fold, AQL 2003, Hamburg
Hess M, Muller F, Kobler JB, Zeitels S, Goodyer EN (2006) Measurements of vocal fold elasticity using the linear skin rheometer. Folia Phoniatrica Logop 58(3):207–216
Goodyer EN, Hemmerich S, Müller F, Kobler JB, Hess M (2007) The shear modulus of the human vocal fold, preliminary results from 20 larynxes. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 264(1):45–50
Chan RW, Titze IR (1999) Viscoelastic shear properties of human vocal fold mucosa. J Acoust Soc Am 106:2008–2021
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Goodyer, E., Müller, F., Licht, K. et al. In vivo measurement of the shear modulus of the human vocal fold: interim results from eight patients. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 264, 631–635 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-006-0239-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-006-0239-z