Hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion with tumour necrosis factor α and melphalan as palliative limb-saving treatment in patients with locally advanced soft-tissue sarcomas of the extremities with regional or distant metastases. Is it worthwhile?

Abstract

The management of locally advanced soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) of the extremities in patients who present with regional and/or distant metastases at the time of diagnosis remains an unsolved problem. The recently introduced hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion (HILP) with tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and melphalan has been shown to be an effective limb-saving treatment modality, but is it feasible to use this approach with palliative intent? Nine patients, five men and four women, mean age 41 (range 21–75) years with locally advanced extremity STS and regional (n = 3) or distant (n = 6) metastases at the time of diagnosis, underwent a palliative HILP with TNF-α and melphalan. Resection of the residual tumour mass was performed, if possible, 6–8 weeks after HILP. Treatment-related morbidity, local recurrences and the limb salvage rate were scored during follow-up. The median follow-up period was 9 (range 3–39) months (seven deaths, but six were due to metastatic disease). Treatment-related morbidity was seen after 3 of the 10 perfusions performed (30%) and consisted of superficial wound infections (n = 2), blow out of the external iliac artery followed by an iliac thrombosis (n = 1). Two patients showed local recurrences after HILP followed by resection of the residual tumour mass, and one patient showed local progression after two perfusions without resection. Limb salvage was achieved in 8 patients (89%). Therefore, HILP with TNF-α and melphalan for locally advanced extremity STS in patients with disseminated disease is feasible. The local management of locally advanced extremity STS should be the same whether the intent is curative or palliative, as the local control improves the quality of life.