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Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Italian version of the Nottingham Clavicle Score (NCS)

  • Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine
  • Published:
Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Introduction

The Nottingham Clavicle Score (NCS) is a specific Patient Reported Outcome Measure of injuries to the clavicle, acromio-clavicular joint (ACJ) and sterno-clavicular joint. The purpose of this study was to translate the NCS into Italian and establish its cultural adaptiveness and validity.

Materials and methods

The original version of the NCS was translated into Italian in accordance with the cross-cultural adaptation guidelines described by Guillemin. Sixty-six patients [average age 45.7 years (SD 11.3)] who had received surgical treatment for injuries of the ACJ and the clavicle were included in the study. The study population completed the NCS twice within 5 days, the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS), the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire and the short-form 36 (SF-36). Statistical tests assessed the construct validity, discriminant validity, internal consistency, reliability and feasibility of the NCS.

Results

The translation and adaptation of the NCS for an Italian context required no major cultural adaptation. Internal consistency was high (Cronbach’s α, 0.86). Test–retest reproducibility was excellent (ρ = 0.981, p < 0.00001). Administration time was 45 s (range 1 min 32 s–8 min), and all items were answered. The Italian NCS showed strong correlation with the DASH (−0.87), the OSS (−0.84) and those subscales of the SF-36 (physical functioning, role physical and bodily pain) which aim to measure similar constructs.

Conclusions

The Italian NCS scale is a reliable, valid, consistent shoulder assessment form that can be used to assess the functional limitations of patients with injuries of clavicle or ACJ.

Level of evidence

III.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the following people who supported the study: Danusca Gorza, Alessio De Biasi, Eugenia Cucciol, Domenico Fazio, Tiziano Panighel, Michela Furlanetto and Vanna Vendrame of the Orthopaedic and Traumatology Department of the Oderzo Hospital, Gianluigi Bertoni of the Orthopaedic and Traumatology Department of the Treviso Regional Hospital, the staff of the Emergency Department of the Treviso Regional Hospital.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Orthopaedic and Traumatology Department, Oderzo Hospital, Via Luzzatti 33, Oderzo, 31046, Treviso, Italy

    Alberto Vascellari, Stefano Schiavetti, Enrico Rebuzzi & Nicolò Coletti

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  1. Alberto Vascellari
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  2. Stefano Schiavetti
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  3. Enrico Rebuzzi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alberto Vascellari.

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All the authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Appendix

Appendix

See Table 4.

Table 4 Italian version of the Nottingham Clavicle Score (NCS). Istruzioni: Il presente questionario riguarda i Suoi sintomi e la Sua capacità di compiere alcune azioni. Risponda a ogni domanda facendo riferimento al Suo stato negli ultimi 2 mesi. Risponda a ciascuna domanda, mettendo una crocetta nella casella corrispondente (solo una risposta per ciascuna domanda). Se nessuna delle possibili risposte dovesse sembrarLe appropriata, scelga quella che più si avvicina alla Sua situazione
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Vascellari, A., Schiavetti, S., Rebuzzi, E. et al. Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Italian version of the Nottingham Clavicle Score (NCS). Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 135, 1561–1566 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-015-2301-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-015-2301-z

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