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Effect of droplet size on the rheological properties of highly-concentrated w/o emulsions

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Abstract

Rheological properties of highly concentrated emulsions of the water-in-oil type were studied. Water phase (concentration approximately 91%) consists of a supersaturated aqueous solution of nitrate salts; water comprises less than 20% by mass. The average size of droplets, D, in the emulsions was varied. It was found that the emulsions are non-Newtonian liquids and flow curves measured in a sweep regime of shearing have clear low-shear-rate Newtonian domain. The complete flow curves are fitted by the Cross equation. The elastic modulus is practically constant in a very wide frequency range. Hence the viscoelastic relaxation processes might be expected at times >>100 s and in the short-term side of the curve at approximately 0.01 s. The elastic modulus (measured in oscillating testing and in elastic recovery as well) is proportional to D -2 while the Newtonian viscosity is proportional to D −1.

The time effects were observed: it was found that the emulsions behave as rheopectic materials because prolonged shearing results in an increase of viscosity in the low shear rate domain of several orders of magnitude.

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Acknowledgement

The authors would like to acknowledge gratefully African Explosives Limited, the company which provided the samples, information about their structure and permission to publish the results of studies.

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Author notes

  1. Alexander Y. Malkin

    Present address: , Profsoyuznaya ul. 98, korp. 5, kv. 92, 117485, Moscow, Russia

  2. Keith Wilson

    Present address: Research and Technology Department, African Explosives Limited, Private Bag X2, 1645, Modderfontein, South Africa

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Engineering Faculty, Department of Civil Engineering, Cape Technikon, PO Box 652, 8000, Cape Town, Republic of South Africa

    Alexander Y. Malkin, Irina Masalova, Paul Slatter & Keith Wilson

Authors
  1. Alexander Y. Malkin
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  2. Irina Masalova
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  3. Paul Slatter
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alexander Y. Malkin.

Additional information

Presented in part at the First Annual European Rheological Conference, Guimarães, Portugal, 11–13 September 2003

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Malkin, A.Y., Masalova, I., Slatter, P. et al. Effect of droplet size on the rheological properties of highly-concentrated w/o emulsions. Rheol Acta 43, 584–591 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00397-003-0347-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00397-003-0347-2

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