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Crystallization of a polyamide 11/organo-modified montmorillonite nanocomposite at rapid cooling

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Abstract

Fast scanning chip calorimetry (FSC) has been used for analysis of the crystallization behavior of a polyamide 11/organo-modified montmorillonite (PA 11/OMMT) nanocomposite. The addition of OMMT leads to a significant increase of the crystallization temperature of the polymer matrix only on cooling faster than about 100 K s–1. In case of slow cooling at rates typically used in standard differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the nucleating effect of OMMT on crystallization of PA 11 is negligible. The critical cooling rate to suppress crystallization of PA 11 and to completely vitrify the relaxed melt increases at least by one order of magnitude due to the addition of OMMT. Furthermore, the enthalpy of crystallization is nearly independent on the cooling conditions in the analyzed cooling rate range from 10–2 to 2 × 103 K s–1 in PA 11/OMMT nanocomposites. Isothermal crystallization experiments confirmed that the nucleating effect of OMMT on the crystallization of PA 11 increases with supercooling, being therefore of particular importance at cooling conditions relevant in polymer processing. The evaluation of the kinetics of crystallization of the PA 11/OMMT nanocomposite by FSC and DSC in a wide range of cooling rates/supercooling has been completed by analysis of the effect of OMMT on the α/δ’ polymorphism of PA 11 and the spherulitic superstructure.

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Acknowledgments

Financial support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (grant AN 212/9) is gratefully acknowledged. Furthermore, we thank Wiebke Grote (University Pretoria) for the X-ray analysis of OMMT exfoliation and Stefanie Scholtyssek (Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg) for the preparation of the cryo-microtomed ultrathin sections for TEM analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center of Engineering Sciences, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099, Halle/Saale, Germany

    Igor Kolesov & René Androsch

  2. Innovation Headquarters, Borealis Polyolefine GmbH, 4021, Linz, Austria

    Daniela Mileva

  3. Institute of Physics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099, Halle/Saale, Germany

    Werner Lebek

  4. Faculty of Technology, Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials, University Abderrahmane Mira, Bejaia, 06000, Algeria

    Aida Benhamida & Mustapha Kaci

  5. Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Applied Materials, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028, Pretoria, South Africa

    Walter Focke

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  1. Igor Kolesov
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  2. René Androsch
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Correspondence to René Androsch.

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Kolesov, I., Androsch, R., Mileva, D. et al. Crystallization of a polyamide 11/organo-modified montmorillonite nanocomposite at rapid cooling. Colloid Polym Sci 291, 2541–2549 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-013-2977-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-013-2977-y

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