Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Platelets in regenerative medicine

  • REVIEW
  • Published:
Basic Research in Cardiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Stem and progenitor cells have evolved as the central cell type in regenerative medicine. This focussed approach may, however, sometimes narrow the point of view. Recently, platelets have been shown to strongly influence progenitor cell biology and to serve as regenerative cells themselves. Platelets represent an important recruitment factor for circulating progenitor cells. Furthermore, they modulate progenitor cell chemotaxis, migration and differentiation. Platelets are crucial for the regeneration of parenchymatous organs such as the liver. Moreover, in the clinical setting, platelets are already applied for the restoration of connective and bone tissue. However, also adverse effects can be mediated by platelets and progenitor cells exposed to platelets, including the induction of pro-inflammatory processes. This review gives an update on platelets as regenerative cells and as modulators of progenitor cell biology in (patho-) physiological conditions. Abundant data obtained during the last decade have linked progenitor and stem cells to tissue repair. Very recent accumulating results from different groups revealed that platelets may have a strong influence on central functions of these progenitor cells. Only little is known about the impact of platelets themselves on tissue regeneration. Therefore, this review highlights the role of platelets themselves as a potential effector cell for tissue regeneration and their impact on progenitor cell biology.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Asahara T, Kalka C, Isner JM (2000) Stem cell therapy and gene transfer for regeneration. Gene Ther 7:451–457

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Bombeli T, Schwartz BR, Harlan JM (1998) Adhesion of activated platelets to endothelial cells: evidence for a GPIIbIIIa-dependent bridging mechanism and novel roles for endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), alphavbeta3 integrin, and GPIbalpha. J Exp Med 187:329–339

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Brill A, Elinav H, Varon D (2004) Differential role of platelet granular mediators in angiogenesis. Cardiovasc Res 63:226–235

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Buller HR, van Doormaal FF, van Sluis GL, Kamphuisen PW (2007) Cancer and thrombosis: from molecular mechanisms to clinical presentations. J Thromb Haemost 5(Suppl 1):246–254

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Burger PC, Wagner DD (2003) Platelet P-selectin facilitates atherosclerotic lesion development. Blood 101:2661–2666

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Carter CA, Jolly DG, Worden CE Sr, Hendren DG, Kane CJ (2003) Platelet-rich plasma gel promotes differentiation and regeneration during equine wound healing. Exp Mol Pathol 74:244–255

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Celik S, Langer H, Stellos K, May AE, Shankar V, Kurz K, Katus HA, Gawaz MP, Dengler TJ (2007) Platelet-associated LIGHT (TNFSF14) mediates adhesion of platelets to human vascular endothelium. Thromb Haemost 98:798–805

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Daub K, Langer H, Seizer P, Stellos K, May AE, Goyal P, Bigalke B, Schonberger T, Geisler T, Siegel-Axel D, Oostendorp RA, Lindemann S, Gawaz M (2006) Platelets induce differentiation of human CD34+ progenitor cells into foam cells and endothelial cells. FASEB J 20:2559–2561

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Daub K, Lindemann S, Langer H, Seizer P, Stellos K, Siegel-Axel D, Gawaz M (2007) The evil in atherosclerosis: adherent platelets induce foam cell formation. Semin Thromb Hemost 33:173–178

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. de Boer HC, Verseyden C, Ulfman LH, Zwaginga JJ, Bot I, Biessen EA, Rabelink TJ, van Zonneveld AJ (2006) Fibrin and activated platelets cooperatively guide stem cells to a vascular injury and promote differentiation towards an endothelial cell phenotype. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 26:1653–1659

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. De Meyer GR, De Cleen DM, Cooper S, Knaapen MW, Jans DM, Martinet W, Herman AG, Bult H, Kockx MM (2002) Platelet phagocytosis and processing of beta-amyloid precursor protein as a mechanism of macrophage activation in atherosclerosis. Circ Res 90:1197–1204

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Denis MM, Tolley ND, Bunting M, Schwertz H, Jiang H, Lindemann S, Yost CC, Rubner FJ, Albertine KH, Swoboda KJ, Fratto CM, Tolley E, Kraiss LW, McIntyre TM, Zimmerman GA, Weyrich AS (2005) Escaping the nuclear confines: signal-dependent pre-mRNA splicing in anucleate platelets. Cell 122:379–391

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Dong ZM, Chapman SM, Brown AA, Frenette PS, Hynes RO, Wagner DD (1998) The combined role of P- and E-selectins in atherosclerosis. J Clin Invest 102:145–152

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Driver VR, Hanft J, Fylling CP, Beriou JM, Autologel Diabetic Foot Ulcer Study Group (2006) A prospective, randomized, controlled trial of autologous platelet-rich plasma gel for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. Ostomy Wound Manage 52:68–70, 72, 74

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Du Toit F, Kleintjes WG, Otto MJ, Mazyala EJ, Page BJ (2007) Soft and hard-tissue augmentation with platelet-rich plasma: Tissue culture dynamics, regeneration and molecular biology perspective. Int J Shoulder Surg 1:64–73

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Fennis JP, Stoelinga PJ, Jansen JA (2004) Mandibular reconstruction: a histological and histomorphometric study on the use of autogenous scaffolds, particulate cortico-cancellous bone grafts and platelet rich plasma in goats. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 33:48–55

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Fennis JP, Stoelinga PJ, Jansen JA (2005) Reconstruction of the mandible with an autogenous irradiated cortical scaffold, autogenous corticocancellous bone-graft and autogenous platelet-rich-plasma: an animal experiment. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 34:158–166

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Fitzgerald JR, Foster TJ, Cox D (2006) The interaction of bacterial pathogens with platelets. Nat Rev Microbiol 4:445–457

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Frenette PS, Denis CV, Weiss L, Jurk K, Subbarao S, Kehrel B, Hartwig JH, Vestweber D, Wagner DD (2000) P-Selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1) is expressed on platelets and can mediate platelet-endothelial interactions in vivo. J Exp Med 191:1413–1422

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Frenette PS, Johnson RC, Hynes RO, Wagner DD (1995) Platelets roll on stimulated endothelium in vivo: an interaction mediated by endothelial P-selectin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:7450–7454

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Frenette PS, Moyna C, Hartwell DW, Lowe JB, Hynes RO, Wagner DD (1998) Platelet-endothelial interactions in inflamed mesenteric venules. Blood 91:1318–1324

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Gawaz M (2004) Role of platelets in coronary thrombosis and reperfusion of ischemic myocardium. Cardiovasc Res 61:498–511

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Gawaz M, Brand K, Dickfeld T, Pogatsa-Murray G, Page S, Bogner C, Koch W, Schomig A, Neumann F (2000) Platelets induce alterations of chemotactic and adhesive properties of endothelial cells mediated through an interleukin-1-dependent mechanism. Implications for atherogenesis. Atherosclerosis 148:75–85

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Gawaz M, Langer H, May AE (2005) Platelets in inflammation and atherogenesis. J Clin Invest 115:3378–3384

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Gawaz M, Muller I, Besta F (2003) Combined antithrombotic therapy for acute coronary syndrome. Semin Vasc Med 3:163–176

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Gawaz M, Neumann FJ, Dickfeld T, Koch W, Laugwitz KL, Adelsberger H, Langenbrink K, Page S, Neumeier D, Schomig A, Brand K (1998) Activated platelets induce monocyte chemotactic protein-1 secretion and surface expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 on endothelial cells. Circulation 98:1164–1171

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Gawaz M, Neumann FJ, Dickfeld T, Reininger A, Adelsberger H, Gebhardt A, Schomig A (1997) Vitronectin receptor (alpha(v)beta3) mediates platelet adhesion to the luminal aspect of endothelial cells: implications for reperfusion in acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 96:1809–1818

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Gawaz M, Neumann FJ, Ott I, Schiessler A, Schomig A (1996) Platelet function in acute myocardial infarction treated with direct angioplasty. Circulation 93:229–237

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Gawaz M, Stellos K, Langer HF (2007) Platelets modulate atherogenesis and progression of atherosclerotic plaques via interaction with progenitor and dendritic cells. J Thromb Haemost 6:235–242

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Gawaz MP, Loftus JC, Bajt ML, Frojmovic MM, Plow EF, Ginsberg MH (1991) Ligand bridging mediates integrin alpha IIb beta 3 (platelet GPIIB–IIIA) dependent homotypic and heterotypic cell–cell interactions. J Clin Invest 88:1128–1134

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Gerard D, Carlson ER, Gotcher JE, Jacobs M (2007) Effects of platelet-rich plasma at the cellular level on healing of autologous bone-grafted mandibular defects in dogs. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 65:721–727

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Gruber R, Varga F, Fischer MB, Watzek G (2002) Platelets stimulate proliferation of bone cells: involvement of platelet-derived growth factor, microparticles and membranes. Clin Oral Implants Res 13:529–535

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Hagihara M, Higuchi A, Tamura N, Ueda Y, Hirabayashi K, Ikeda Y, Kato S, Sakamoto S, Hotta T, Handa S, Goto S (2004) Platelets, after exposure to a high shear stress, induce IL-10-producing, mature dendritic cells in vitro. J Immunol 172:5297–5303

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Heeschen C, Dimmeler S, Hamm CW, van den Brand MJ, Boersma E, Zeiher AM, Simoons ML (2003) Soluble CD40 ligand in acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 348:1104–1111

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Hristov M, Zernecke A, Bidzhekov K, Liehn EA, Shagdarsuren E, Ludwig A, Weber C (2007) Importance of CXC chemokine receptor 2 in the homing of human peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells to sites of arterial injury. Circ Res 100:590–597

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Huo Y, Schober A, Forlow SB, Smith DF, Hyman MC, Jung S, Littman DR, Weber C, Ley K (2003) Circulating activated platelets exacerbate atherosclerosis in mice deficient in apolipoprotein E. Nat Med 9:61–67

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Iannacone M, Sitia G, Isogawa M, Marchese P, Castro MG, Lowenstein PR, Chisari FV, Ruggeri ZM, Guidotti LG (2005) Platelets mediate cytotoxic T lymphocyte-induced liver damage. Nat Med 11:1167–1169

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Italiano JE Jr, Richardson JL, Patel-Hett S, Battinelli E, Zaslavsky A, Short S, Ryeom S, Folkman J, Klement GL (2007) Angiogenesis is regulated by a novel mechanism: pro- and anti-angiogenic proteins are organized into separate platelet {alpha}-granules and differentialy released. Blood 111:1227–1233

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Jans DM, Martinet W, Fillet M, Kockx MM, Merville MP, Bult H, Herman AG, De Meyer GR (2004) Effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on amyloid-beta formation and macrophage activation after platelet phagocytosis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 43:462–470

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Johnson RC, Mayadas TN, Frenette PS, Mebius RE, Subramaniam M, Lacasce A, Hynes RO, Wagner DD (1995) Blood cell dynamics in P-selectin-deficient mice. Blood 86:1106–1114

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Jorgensen L (2005) ADP-induced platelet aggregation in the microcirculation of pig myocardium and rabbit kidneys. J Thromb Haemost 3:1119–1124

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Kalsch T, Elmas E, Nguyen XD, Suvajac N, Kluter H, Borggrefe M, Dempfle CE (2007) Endotoxin-induced effects on platelets and monocytes in an in vivo model of inflammation. Basic Res Cardiol 102:460–466

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Kassolis JD, Reynolds MA (2005) Evaluation of the adjunctive benefits of platelet-rich plasma in subantral sinus augmentation. J Craniofac Surg 16:280–287

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Kassolis JD, Rosen PS, Reynolds MA (2000) Alveolar ridge and sinus augmentation utilizing platelet-rich plasma in combination with freeze-dried bone allograft: case series. J Periodontol 71:1654–1661

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Kim SG, Chung CH, Kim YK, Park JC, Lim SC (2002) Use of particulate dentin-plaster of Paris combination with/without platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of bone defects around implants. J Oral Maxillofac Implants 17:86–94

    Google Scholar 

  46. Korporaal SJ, Gorter G, van Rijn HJ, Akkerman JW (2005) Effect of oxidation on the platelet-activating properties of low-density lipoprotein. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 25:867–872

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Kuang D, Zhao X, Xiao G, Ni J, Feng Y, Wu R, Wang G (2007) Stem cell factor/c-kit signaling mediated cardiac stem cell migration via activation of p38 MAPK. Basic Res Cardiol. [Epub ahead of Print]

  48. Langer H, May AE, Bultmann A, Gawaz M (2005) ADAM 15 is an adhesion receptor for platelet GPIIb–IIIa and induces platelet activation. Thromb Haemost 94:555–561

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Langer H, May AE, Daub K, Heinzmann U, Lang P, Schumm M, Vestweber D, Massberg S, Schonberger T, Pfisterer I, Hatzopoulos AK, Gawaz M (2006) Adherent platelets recruit and induce differentiation of murine embryonic endothelial progenitor cells to mature endothelial cells in vitro. Circ Res 98:e2–e10

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Langer HF, Daub K, Braun G, Schonberger T, May AE, Schaller M, Stein GM, Stellos K, Bueltmann A, Siegel-Axel D, Wendel HP, Aebert H, Roecken M, Seizer P, Santoso S, Wesselborg S, Brossart P, Gawaz M (2007) Platelets recruit human dendritic cells via Mac-1/JAM-C interaction and modulate dendritic cell function in vitro. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 27:1463–1470

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Langer HF, May AE, Vestweber D, de Boer HC, Hatzopoulos AK, Gawaz M (2007) Platelet-induced differentiation of endothelial progenitor cells. Semin Thromb Hemost 33:136–143

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Lesurtel M, Graf R, Aleil B, Walther DJ, Tian Y, Jochum W, Gachet C, Bader M, Clavien PA (2006) Platelet-derived serotonin mediates liver regeneration. Science 312:104–107

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Lev EI, Estrov Z, Aboulfatova K, Harris D, Granada JF, Alviar C, Kleiman NS, Dong JF (2006) Potential role of activated platelets in homing of human endothelial progenitor cells to subendothelial matrix. Thromb Haemost 96:498–504

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Lindemann S, Kramer B, Daub K, Stellos K, Gawaz M (2007) Molecular pathways used by platelets to initiate and accelerate atherogenesis. Curr Opin Lipidol 18:566–573

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Lindemann S, Kramer B, Seizer P, Gawaz M (2007) Platelets, inflammation and atherosclerosis. J Thromb Haemost 5(Suppl 1):203–211

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Lindemann S, Tolley ND, Dixon DA, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM, Zimmerman GA, Weyrich AS (2001) Activated platelets mediate inflammatory signaling by regulated interleukin 1beta synthesis. J Cell Biol 154:485–490

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Lyngbaek S, Schneider M, Hansen JL, Sheikh SP (2007) Cardiac regeneration by resident stem and progenitor cells in the adult heart. Basic Res Cardiol 102:101–114

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Maiorana C, Sommariva L, Brivio P, Sigurta D, Santoro F (2003) Maxillary sinus augmentation with anorganic bovine bone (Bio-Oss) and autologous platelet-rich plasma: preliminary clinical and histologic evaluations. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 23:227–235

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Manka D, Forlow SB, Sanders JM, Hurwitz D, Bennett DK, Green SA, Ley K, Sarembock IJ (2004) Critical role of platelet P-selectin in the response to arterial injury in apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 24:1124–1129

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Marx RE (2004) Platelet-rich plasma: evidence to support its use. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 62:489–496

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Marx RE, Carlson ER, Eichstaedt RM, Schimmele SR, Strauss JE, Georgeff KR (1998) Platelet-rich plasma: growth factor enhancement for bone grafts. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 85:638–646

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Massberg S, Brand K, Gruner S, Page S, Muller E, Muller I, Bergmeier W, Richter T, Lorenz M, Konrad I, Nieswandt B, Gawaz M (2002) A critical role of platelet adhesion in the initiation of atherosclerotic lesion formation. J Exp Med 196:887–896

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Massberg S, Enders G, Leiderer R, Eisenmenger S, Vestweber D, Krombach F, Messmer K (1998) Platelet-endothelial cell interactions during ischemia/reperfusion: the role of P-selectin. Blood 92:507–515

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Massberg S, Enders G, Matos FC, Tomic LI, Leiderer R, Eisenmenger S, Messmer K, Krombach F (1999) Fibrinogen deposition at the postischemic vessel wall promotes platelet adhesion during ischemia-reperfusion in vivo. Blood 94:3829–3838

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Massberg S, Konrad I, Schurzinger K, Lorenz M, Schneider S, Zohlnhoefer D, Hoppe K, Schiemann M, Kennerknecht E, Sauer S, Schulz C, Kerstan S, Rudelius M, Seidl S, Sorge F, Langer H, Peluso M, Goyal P, Vestweber D, Emambokus NR, Busch DH, Frampton J, Gawaz M (2006) Platelets secrete stromal cell-derived factor 1{alpha} and recruit bone marrow-derived progenitor cells to arterial thrombi in vivo. J Exp Med 203:1221–1233

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Massberg S, Schurzinger K, Lorenz M, Konrad I, Schulz C, Plesnila N, Kennerknecht E, Rudelius M, Sauer S, Braun S, Kremmer E, Emambokus NR, Frampton J, Gawaz M (2005) Platelet adhesion via glycoprotein IIb integrin is critical for atheroprogression and focal cerebral ischemia: an in vivo study in mice lacking glycoprotein IIb. Circulation 112:1180–1188

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Muller I, Kordowich S, Holzwarth C, Spano C, Isensee G, Staiber A, Viebahn S, Gieseke F, Langer H, Gawaz M, Horwitz E, Conte P, Handgretinger R, Dominici M (2006) Animal serum-free culture conditions for isolation and expansion of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells from human BM. Cytotherapy 8:437–444

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Murray MM, Spindler KP, Abreu E, Muller JA, Nedder A, Kelly M, Frino J, Zurakowski D, Valenza M, Snyder BD, Connolly SA (2007) Collagen-platelet rich plasma hydrogel enhances primary repair of the porcine anterior cruciate ligament. J Orthop Res 25:81–91

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Murray MM, Spindler KP, Ballard P, Welch TP, Zurakowski D, Nanney LB (2007) Enhanced histologic repair in a central wound in the anterior cruciate ligament with a collagen-platelet-rich plasma scaffold. J Orthop Res 25:1007–1017

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Nishimoto S, Oyama T, Matsuda K (2007) Simultaneous concentration of platelets and marrow cells: a simple and useful technique to obtain source cells and growth factors for regenerative medicine. Wound Repair Regen 15:156–162

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Robiony M, Polini F, Costa F, Politi M (2002) Osteogenesis distraction and platelet-rich plasma for bone restoration of the severely atrophic mandible: preliminary results. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 60:630–635

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Ruggeri ZM (2002) Platelets in atherothrombosis. Nat Med 8:1227–1234

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Santoso S, Sachs UJ, Kroll H, Linder M, Ruf A, Preissner KT, Chavakis T (2002) The junctional adhesion molecule 3 (JAM-3) on human platelets is a counterreceptor for the leukocyte integrin Mac-1. J Exp Med 196:679–691

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Scheuerer B, Ernst M, Durrbaum-Landmann I, Fleischer J, Grage-Griebenow E, Brandt E, Flad HD, Petersen F (2000) The CXC-chemokine platelet factor 4 promotes monocyte survival and induces monocyte differentiation into macrophages. Blood 95:1158–1166

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Schlegel KA, Donath K, Rupprecht S, Falk S, Zimmermann R, Felszeghy E, Wiltfang J (2004) De novo bone formation using bovine collagen and platelet-rich plasma. Biomaterials 25:5387–5393

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Schnabel LV, Mohammed HO, Miller BJ, McDermott WG, Jacobson MS, Santangelo KS, Fortier LA (2007) Platelet rich plasma (PRP) enhances anabolic gene expression patterns in flexor digitorum superficialis tendons. J Orthop Res 25:230–240

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Schuh A, Liehn EA, Sasse A, Hristov M, Sobota R, Kelm M, Merx MW, Weber C (2008) Transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells improves neovascularization and left ventricular function after myocardial infarction in a rat model. Basic Res Cardiol 103:69–77

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Shannon O, Hertzen E, Norrby-Teglund A, Morgelin M, Sjobring U, Bjorck L (2007) Severe streptococcal infection is associated with M protein-induced platelet activation and thrombus formation. Mol Microbiol 65:1147–1157

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Shashkin P, Dragulev B, Ley K (2005) Macrophage differentiation to foam cells. Curr Pharm Des 11:3061–3072

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Stellos K, Langer H, Daub K, Schönberger T, Gauss A, Geisler T, Bigalke B, Mueller I, Schumm M, Schäfer I, Seizer P, Krämer B, Siegel-Axel D, May AE, Lindemann S, Gawaz M (2007) Platelet-derived SDF-1 regulates adhesion and favors differentiation of human CD34+ progenitor cells to endothelial cells. Circulation [Epub ahead of Print]

  81. Stellos K, Gawaz M (2007) Platelets and stromal cell-derived factor-1 in progenitor cell recruitment. Semin Thromb Hemost 33:159–164

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Stellos K, Langer H, Daub K, Schoenberger T, Gauss A, Geisler T, Bigalke B, Mueller I, Schumm M, Schaefer I, Seizer P, Kraemer BF, Siegel-Axel D, May AE, Lindemann S, Gawaz M (2008) Platelet-derived SDF-1 regulates adhesion and promotes differentiation of human CD34+ cells to endothelial progenitor cells. Circulation 117:206–215

    Google Scholar 

  83. Subramaniam M, Frenette PS, Saffaripour S, Johnson RC, Hynes RO, Wagner DD (1996) Defects in hemostasis in P-selectin-deficient mice. Blood 87:1238–1242

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Theilmeier G, Michiels C, Spaepen E, Vreys I, Collen D, Vermylen J, Hoylaerts MF (2002) Endothelial von Willebrand factor recruits platelets to atherosclerosis-prone sites in response to hypercholesterolemia. Blood 99:4486–4493

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Thorwarth M, Rupprecht S, Falk S, Felszeghy E, Wiltfang J, Schlegel KA (2005) Expression of bone matrix proteins during de novo bone formation using a bovine collagen and platelet-rich plasma (prp)-an immunohistochemical analysis. Biomaterials 26:2575–2584

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Urbich C, Dimmeler S (2004) Endothelial progenitor cells: characterization and role in vascular biology. Circ Res 95:343–353

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. van den Dolder J, Mooren R, Vloon AP, Stoelinga PJ, Jansen JA (2006) Platelet-rich plasma: quantification of growth factor levels and the effect on growth and differentiation of rat bone marrow cells. Tissue Eng 12:3067–3073

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. von Hundelshausen P, Weber KS, Huo Y, Proudfoot AE, Nelson PJ, Ley K, Weber C (2001) RANTES deposition by platelets triggers monocyte arrest on inflamed and atherosclerotic endothelium. Circulation 103:1772–1777

    Google Scholar 

  89. Weber AA, Zucker TP, Schror K (1999) Platelet surface membranes are highly mitogenic for coronary artery smooth muscle cells–A novel mechanism for sustained proliferation after vessel injury? Biochem Biophys Res Commun 259:341–343

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Weber C (2005) Platelets and chemokines in atherosclerosis: partners in crime. Circ Res 96:612–616

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Weibrich G, Gnoth SH, Otto M, Reichert TE, Wagner W (2002) Growth stimulation of human osteoblast-like cells by thrombocyte concentrates in vitro. Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir 6:168–174

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Werner N, Wassmann S, Ahlers P, Schiegl T, Kosiol S, Link A, Walenta K, Nickenig G (2007) Endothelial progenitor cells correlate with endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease. Basic Res Cardiol 102:565–571

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Zernecke A, Schober A, Bot I, von Hundelshausen P, Liehn EA, Mopps B, Mericskay M, Gierschik P, Biessen EA, Weber C (2005) SDF-1alpha/CXCR4 axis is instrumental in neointimal hyperplasia and recruitment of smooth muscle progenitor cells. Circ Res 96:784–791

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The work was supported by grants of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Dr. Langer was supported by a research grant from the German Cardiac Society (Pfizer-Stipendium). Authors contributions statement: Harald F. Langer conceptualized and wrote the manuscript. M. Gawaz conceptualized and wrote the manuscript.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Harald F. Langer (MD)

    Present address: Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Building 10, Room 5B17, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medizinische Klinik III, Klinik für Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, Eberhard Karls-Universität Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany

    Harald F. Langer (MD) & Meinrad Gawaz (MD)

Authors
  1. Harald F. Langer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Meinrad Gawaz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Harald F. Langer.

Additional information

Returned for 1. Revision: 29 January 2008 1. Revision received: 8 February 2008

Returned for 2. Revision: 13 February 2008 2. Revision received: 18 February 2008

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Langer, H.F., Gawaz, M. Platelets in regenerative medicine. Basic Res Cardiol 103, 299–307 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00395-008-0721-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00395-008-0721-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation