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Long-term inhibition of myocardial infarction by postconditioning during reperfusion

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Abstract

Cardioprotection with postconditioning has been well demonstrated after a short period of reperfusion. This study tested the hypothesis that postconditioning reduces infarct size, vascular dysfunction, and neutrophil accumulation after a long-term reperfusion. Canines undergoing 60 min left anterior descending artery (LAD) occlusion were divided into two control groups of either 3 h or 24 h of full reperfusion and two postconditioning groups with three 30 s cycles of reperfusion and re-occlusion applied at the onset of either 3 h or 24 h of reperfusion. Size of the area at risk (AAR) and collateral blood flow during ischemia were similar among groups. In controls, infarct size as percentage of the AAR (30 ± 3 vs. 39 ± 2* %) by TTC staining, superoxide anion generation from the post-ischemic coronary arteries by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence [(89 ± 5 vs. 236 ± 27* relative light units (RLU/mg)], and neutrophil (PMN) accumulation by immunohistochemical staining in the AAR (52 ± 11 vs. 84 ± 14* cells/mm2 myocardium) significantly increased between 3 and 24 h of reperfusion. Postconditioning reduced infarct size (15 ± 4† and 27 ± 3.6† %), superoxide anion generation (24 ± 4† and 43 ± 11† RLU/mg), and PMN accumulation (19 ± 6† and 45 ± 8† cells/mm2 myocardium) in the 3 and 24 h reperfusion groups relative to time-matched controls. These data suggest that myocardial injury increases with duration of reperfusion; reduction in infarct size and attenuation in inflammatory responses with postconditioning persist after a prolonged reperfusion. * p < 0.05 24 vs. 3 h control; † p < 0.05 postconditioning vs. time-matched control.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cardiothoracic Research Laboratory, Carlyle Fraser Heart Center/ Crawford Long Hospital Emory University School of Medicine, 550 Peachtree Street NE, Atlanta (GA), 30308-2225, USA

    J. Mykytenko, F. Kerendi, J. G. Reeves, H. Kin, A. J. Zatta, R. Jiang, R. A. Guyton, J. Vinten-Johansen & Z.-Q. Zhao MD, PhD

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  1. J. Mykytenko
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  2. F. Kerendi
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  3. J. G. Reeves
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  4. H. Kin
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  5. A. J. Zatta
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  6. R. Jiang
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  7. R. A. Guyton
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  8. J. Vinten-Johansen
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  9. Z.-Q. Zhao MD, PhD
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Correspondence to Z.-Q. Zhao MD, PhD.

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Mykytenko, J., Kerendi, F., Reeves, J.G. et al. Long-term inhibition of myocardial infarction by postconditioning during reperfusion. Basic Res Cardiol 102, 90–100 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00395-006-0625-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00395-006-0625-0

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