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Associations between food and beverage consumption and different types of sedentary behaviours in European preschoolers: the ToyBox-study

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Abstract

Objective

To examine the association between food and beverage consumption and time spent in different sedentary behaviours such as watching TV and DVDs, playing computer/video games and quiet play/activities in preschoolers.

Methods

A sample of 6431 (51.8 % males) European preschoolers aged 3.5–5.5 years from six survey centres was included in the data analyses. Data on dietary habits and sedentary behaviours [watching TV, playing computer and quiet play (both during weekdays and weekend days)] were collected via standardized proxy-administered questionnaires. One-way analysis of covariance and general linear model (adjusted for sex, maternal education, body mass index and centre) were conducted.

Results

The results of the generalized linear model showed that the more strong associations in both males and females who were watching TV for > 1 h/day during weekdays were positively associated with increased consumption of fizzy drinks (β = 0.136 for males and β = 0.156 for females), fresh and packed juices (β = 0.069, β = 0.089), sweetened milk (β = 0.119, β = 0.078), cakes and biscuits (β = 0.116, β = 0.145), chocolate (β = 0.052, β = 0.090), sugar-based desserts and pastries (β = 0.234, β = 0.250), salty snacks (β = 0.067, β = 0.056), meat/poultry/processed meat (β = 0.067, β = 0.090) and potatoes (β = 0.071, β = 0.067), and negative associations were observed for the consumption of fruits (β = −0.057, β = −0.099), vegetables (β = −0.056, β = −0.082) and fish (β = −0.013, β = −0.013). During weekend days, results were comparable.

Conclusions

In European preschoolers, sedentary behaviours were associated with consumption of energy-dense foods and fizzy drinks. The present findings will contribute to improve the strategies to prevent overweight, obesity and nutrition-related chronic diseases from early childhood.

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Abbreviations

BMI:

Body mass index

FFQ:

Food frequency questionnaire

ANCOVA:

Analysis of covariance

CI:

Confidence intervals

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Acknowledgments

The ToyBox-study was funded by the Seventh Framework Programme (CORDIS FP7) of the European Commission under Grant Agreement No. 245200. The content of this article reflects only the authors’ views, and the European Community is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. Additionally, A.M. Santaliestra-Pasías was partially supported by grants from the Spanish Carlos III Health Institute: RD12/0026/0009 (Red SAMID: Maternal, Child Health and Development Research Network).

Coordinator

Yannis Manios.

Steering Committee

Yannis Manios, Berthold Koletzko, Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij, Mai Chin A Paw, Luis Moreno, Carolyn Summerbell, Tim Lobstein, Lieven Annemans, Goof Buijs.

External Advisors

John Reilly, Boyd Swinburn, Dianne Ward.

Harokopio University (Greece)

Yannis Manios, Odysseas Androutsos, Eva Grammatikaki, Christina Katsarou, Eftychia Apostolidou, Eirini Efstathopoulou, Christina-Paulina Lambrinou, Lydia Tsirigoti.

Ludwig Maximilians Universitaet Muenchen (Germany)

Berthold Koletzko, Kristin Duvinage, Sabine Ibrügger, Angelika Strauß, Birgit Herbert, Julia Birnbaum, Annette Payr, Christine Geyer.

Ghent University (Belgium)

Department of Movement and Sports Sciences: Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij, Greet Cardon, Marieke De Craemer, Ellen De Decker.

Department of Public Health: Lieven Annemans, Stefaan De Henauw, Lea Maes, Carine Vereecken, Jo Van Assche, Lore Pil.

VU University Medical Center EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research (the Netherlands)

EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research: Mai Chin A Paw, Saskia te Velde.

University of Zaragoza (Spain)

Luis Moreno, Theodora Mouratidou, Juan Fernandez, Maribel Mesana, Pilar De Miguel-Etayo, Esther M. González-Gil, Luis Gracia-Marco, Beatriz Oves.

Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences (Norway)

Agneta Yngve, Susanna Kugelberg, Christel Lynch, Annhild Mosdøl, Bente B Nilsen.

University of Durham (UK)

Carolyn Summerbell, Helen Moore, Wayne Douthwaite, Catherine Nixon.

State Institute of Early Childhood Research (Germany)

Susanne Kreichauf, Andreas Wildgruber.

Children’s Memorial Health Institute (Poland)

Piotr Socha, Zbigniew Kulaga, Kamila Zych, Magdalena Góźdź, Beata Gurzkowska, Katarzyna Szott.

Medical University of Varna (Bulgaria)

Violeta Iotova, Mina Lateva, Natalya Usheva, Sonya Galcheva, Vanya Marinova, Zhaneta Radkova, Nevyana Feschieva.

International Association for the Study of Obesity (UK)

Tim Lobstein, Andrea Aikenhead.

CBO B.V. (the Netherlands)

Goof Buijs, Annemiek Dorgelo, Aviva Nethe, Jan Jansen.

AOK-Verlag (Germany)

Otto Gmeiner, Jutta Retterath, Julia Wildeis, Axel Günthersberger.

Roehampton University (UK)

Leigh Gibson.

University of Luxembourg (Luxembourg)

Claus Voegele.

Authors’ contribution

Ms. Miguel-Berges conducted the data analysis and interpretation and the drafting of the manuscript. Dr. Santaliestra-Pasias, Dr. Mouratidou and Dr. Moreno Aznar contributed to data analysis and interpretation and the drafting of the manuscript. All authors have contributed in the study design and read and approved the paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Saragossa, Spain

    María L. Miguel-Berges, Alba M. Santaliestra-Pasias, Theodora Mouratidou & Luis A. Moreno

  2. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece

    Odysseas Androutsos & Yannis Manios

  3. Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium

    Marieke de Craemer

  4. Department of Public Health, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium

    An-Sofie Pinket

  5. Dr von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University of Munich Medical Centre, Munich, Germany

    Julia Birnbaum & Berthold Koletzko

  6. Medical University Varna, 55 Marin Drinov Str., 9002, Varna, Bulgaria

    Violeta Iotova & Natalia Usheva

  7. The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland

    Zbigniew Kulaga & Magdalena Gozdz

  8. School of Health Science (EUCS), University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009, Saragossa, Spain

    Luis A. Moreno

  9. GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, School of Health Sciences (EUCS), University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo miral s/n, 50009, Saragossa, Spain

    María L. Miguel-Berges, Alba M. Santaliestra-Pasias, Theodora Mouratidou & Luis A. Moreno

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  1. María L. Miguel-Berges
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Consortia

on behalf of the ToyBox-study group

  • Agneta Yngve
  • , Andrea Aikenhead
  • , Andreas Wildgruber
  • , Angelika Strauß
  • , Annemiek Dorgelo
  • , Annette Payr
  • , Annhild Mosdøl
  • , Aviva Nethe
  • , Axel Günthersberger
  • , Beata Gurzkowska
  • , Beatriz Oves
  • , Bente B. Nilsen
  • , Berthold Koletzko
  • , Birgit Herbert
  • , Boyd Swinburn
  • , Carine Vereecken
  • , Carolyn Summerbell
  • , Catherine Nixon
  • , Christel Lynch
  • , Christina Katsarou
  • , Christina-Paulina Lambrinou
  • , Christine Geyer
  • , Claus Voegele
  • , Dianne Ward
  • , Eftychia Apostolidou
  • , Eirini Efstathopoulou
  • , Ellen De Decker
  • , Esther M. González-Gil
  • , Eva Grammatikaki
  • , Goof Buijs
  • , Greet Cardon
  • , Helen Moore
  • , Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij
  • , Jan Jansen
  • , Jo Van Assche
  • , John Reilly
  • , Juan Fernandez
  • , Julia Birnbaum
  • , Julia Wildeis
  • , Jutta Retterath
  • , Kamila Zych
  • , Katarzyna Szott
  • , Kristin Duvinage
  • , Lea Maes
  • , Leigh Gibson
  • , Lieven Annemans
  • , Lore Pil
  • , Luis Gracia-Marco
  • , Luis Moreno
  • , Lydia Tsirigoti
  • , Magdalena Góźdź
  • , Mai Chin A. Paw
  • , Maribel Mesana
  • , Marieke De Craemer
  • , Mina Lateva
  • , Natalya Usheva
  • , Nevyana Feschieva
  • , Odysseas Androutsos
  • , Otto Gmeiner
  • , Pilar De Miguel-Etayo
  • , Piotr Socha
  • , Sabine Ibrügger
  • , Saskia te Velde
  • , Sonya Galcheva
  • , Stefaan De Henauw
  • , Susanna Kugelberg
  • , Susanne Kreichauf
  • , Theodora Mouratidou
  • , Tim Lobstein
  • , Vanya Marinova
  • , Violeta Iotova
  • , Wayne Douthwaite
  • , Yannis Manios
  • , Zbigniew Kulaga
  •  & Zhaneta Radkova

Corresponding author

Correspondence to María L. Miguel-Berges.

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Miguel-Berges, M.L., Santaliestra-Pasias, A.M., Mouratidou, T. et al. Associations between food and beverage consumption and different types of sedentary behaviours in European preschoolers: the ToyBox-study. Eur J Nutr 56, 1939–1951 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-016-1236-7

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