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Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism in nutritional disorders in children

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Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was to establish the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion (ACE I/D) polymorphism in determining obesity or undernutrition in a child population in Romania.

Methods

We assessed 293 consecutively hospitalized patients in a tertiary emergency pediatric hospital. The patients were divided, according to body mass index (BMI), into three groups: group I, the control group consisting of 126 children, group II patients with undernutrition (85 patients) and group III patients with obesity (82 patients). ACE I/D polymorphisms were performed in all three patient groups, as well as the measuring of anthropometric parameters [middle upper arm circumference (MUAC), tricipital skinfold thickness (TST)]. All patients also underwent paraclinical evaluations (protein and albumin). The cutoffs criteria for moderate undernutrition were: BMI between −2.0 SD and −3.0 SD, severe undernutrition: BMI <−3.0 SD, moderate obesity: BMI between +2.0 SD and +3.0 SD and severe obesity: BMI >+3.0 SD.

Results

We observed that DD genotype (64.7 %) was prevalent in the moderate undernutrition group, while ID (35.3 %) and II genotypes were higher in the subgroup of severe undernutrition, with significant correlations in DD and ID genotype groups between BMI and MUAC, protein and albumin (p < 0.0001). In the obese group, we observed significant correlations in DD genotype, between BMI and MUAC (p = 0.0014) and TST, and for II genotype, between BMI and TST (p = 0.0071). II genotype was associated with severe obesity, while D allele carriers were associated with moderate undernutrition and moderate obesity.

Conclusion

BMI, MUAC, TST and serum protein levels are correlated with D allele carriers of ACE genes in children with moderate undernutrition and moderate obesity, whereas II genotype is an unfavorable prognostic factor corresponding to severe obesity and severe undernutrition.

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Abbreviations

ACE:

Angiotensin-converting enzyme

ACEIs:

Angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors

BMI:

Body mass index

CDC:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

DD:

Alleles deletion/deletion

ID:

Alleles insertion/deletion

II:

Alleles insertion/insertion

FTO:

Fat mass- and obesity-associated gene-related obesity

MUAC:

Middle upper arm circumference

RAA:

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone

SD:

Standard deviation

TST:

Tricipital skinfold thickness

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Acknowledgments

The English proofreading was managed by Professional Editing Services via spi-global.com (www.prof-editing.com). This paper was published under the frame of European Social Found, Human Resources Development Operational Programme 2007–2013, Project No. POSDRU/159/1.5/S/136893.

Conflict of interest

None of the authors have any conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pediatrics Clinic I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureş, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania

    Cristina Oana Mărginean & Carmen Duicu

  2. Departement of Medical Genetics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureş, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania

    Claudia Bănescu

  3. Departement of Epidemiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureş, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania

    Septimiu Voidăzan

  4. Departement of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureş, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania

    Claudiu Mărginean

Authors
  1. Cristina Oana Mărginean
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  2. Claudia Bănescu
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  3. Carmen Duicu
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Claudia Bănescu.

Additional information

Cristina Oana Mărginean and Claudia Bănescu have contributed equally to this paper.

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Mărginean, C.O., Bănescu, C., Duicu, C. et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism in nutritional disorders in children. Eur J Nutr 54, 1245–1254 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-014-0802-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-014-0802-0

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