Abstract
Purpose
The hypothesis was tested that coffee types differing in content of major constituents also differ with regard to cardiometabolic effects.
Methods
Overweight persons (n = 118) were randomized to consume a dark roast [rich in N-methylpyridinium (NMP)] or medium roast (rich in caffeoylquinic acids, trigonelline) coffee blend for 3 months, after a washout period of 4 weeks. Before and after the intervention period, body weight and 15 further general and biochemical parameters were determined.
Results
Participants consumed an average of 4–5 cups per day. Mean body weight, body mass index and waist circumference did not change during the coffee consumption phase in either of the study groups. Systolic blood pressure decreased in the dark roast coffee group only (p < 0.05). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased in the medium roast coffee group only, and triglyceride levels increased in the dark roast coffee group only. Glucoregulation and insulin levels were not affected, although there was a small increase of hemoglobin A1c values in both groups. An increase of adiponectin levels occurred in the medium roast coffee group only and was negatively associated with NMP concentrations. Differences did not remain statistically significant after correction for multiple testing.
Conclusions
Medium and dark roast coffee blends exert small but possibly relevant different cardiometabolic effects. Further studies of health outcomes in relation to coffee constituents seem warranted.
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Acknowledgments
S. Martin and K. Kempf received a research grant from Tchibo GmbH. We thank B. Arnold for expert help in conducting the study.
Conflict of interest
The authors G. Bytof, H. Stiebitz and I. Lantz are employees of Tchibo GmbH, Germany, the company that sponsored part of this research. H. Kolb received consulting fees from Tchibo GmbH. S. Martin and K. Kempf received a research grant from Tchibo GmbH. B. Gärtner, T. Hofmann and R. Lang declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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Clinical trials.gov ID NCT01759329.
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Kempf, K., Kolb, H., Gärtner, B. et al. Cardiometabolic effects of two coffee blends differing in content for major constituents in overweight adults: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Nutr 54, 845–854 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-014-0763-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-014-0763-3