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Dietary fiber intake and its association with indicators of adiposity and serum biomarkers in European adolescents: the HELENA study

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Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate total, energy-adjusted dietary fiber (DF), water-soluble fiber (WSF), and water-insoluble fiber (WIF) intakes in European adolescents and to investigate their association with indicators of adiposity and serum biomarkers.

Methods

This study, conducted from 2006 to 2007, included 1804 adolescents aged 12.5–17.5 years (47 % males) from eight European cities completing two non-consecutive computerized 24-h dietary recalls. GLM multivariate analysis was used to investigate associations.

Results

Mean DF intake (20 g/day) of the sample met the European Food Safety Authority recommendation, but was below those of the World Health Organization and of the Institute of Medicine. Total DF, WSF and WIF intakes were higher in males (P < 0.001), but following energy-adjustments significantly higher intakes were observed among females (P < 0.001). Bread and cereals contributed most to total DF, WSF and WIF intakes, followed by potatoes and grains, energy-dense but low-nutritious foods, fruits and vegetables. Moreover, energy-adjusted WSF and WIF were positively associated with body fat percentage (BF%), waist to height ratio and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, while energy-adjusted WSF was inversely associated with serum fasting glucose (β = −0. 010, P = 0.020).

Conclusion

Total DF intakes are rather low in European adolescents. An inverse association with serum fasting glucose might indicate a possible beneficial role of DF in preventing insulin resistance and its concomitant diseases, even though DF intakes were positively associated with adolescents’ BF%. Therefore, further longitudinal studies should elaborate on these potential beneficial effects of DF intake in the prevention of obesity and related chronic diseases.

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Acknowledgments

The HELENA-study took place with the financial support of the European Community Sixth RTD Framework Programme. This work was also partially supported by the European Union, in the framework of the Public Health Programme, the Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research, the Spanish Ministry of Education, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (AGL2007-29784-E) and the Spanish Ministry of Health, Maternal, Child Health and Development Network. The content of this paper reflects only the authors’ views and the rest of HELENA-study members and the European Community is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. Yi Lin was responsible for the analyses and the drafting of the manuscript. Many thanks to Petra Pickert, Anke Carstensen, Rosa María Torres for their contribution to laboratory work. All authors contributed to the interpretation of the results and have evaluated and approved the manuscript as submitted.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, UZ – 2 Blok A, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium

    Yi Lin, Inge Huybrechts, Carine Vereecken, Evangelia Grammatikaki & Stefaan De Henauw

  2. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Dietary Exposure Assessment Group, Lyon, France

    Inge Huybrechts

  3. Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium

    Carine Vereecken

  4. Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Domingo Miral s/n, 50009, Saragossa, Spain

    Theodora Mouratidou & Luis A. Moreno

  5. ImFine Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    Jara Valtueña & Marcela González-Gross

  6. Research Institute of Child Nutrition, Dortmund, Rheinische Friedich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Forschungsinstitut fur Kinderernahrung Heinstück 11, 44225, Dortmund, Germany

    Mathilde Kersting

  7. Laboratory for Bioinformatics and Computational Genomics (Biobix), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium

    Selin Bolca

  8. Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 10 Antonio Novais Street, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    Julia Wärnberg & Sonia Gomez-Martínez

  9. Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Granada University, Avenida Madrid 12, 18012, Granada, Spain

    Magdalena Cuenca-García

  10. Inserm U995, IFR114, Faculté de Médecine, Université Lille, Lille, France

    Frederic Gottrand

  11. Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Agricultural Research Council (CRA-NUT), Rome, Italy

    Elisabetta Toti & Romana Roccaldo

  12. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 70, El Venizelou Ave, 17671, Kallithea, Athens, Greece

    Evangelia Grammatikaki & Yannis Manios

  13. Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, Paseo de la Universidad, Biscay, Spain

    Idoia Labayen

  14. Unit for Preventive Nutrition, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, 14183, Stockholm, Sweden

    Michael Sjöström

  15. Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium

    John Van Camp

  16. Samhällsnutrition och fysisk aktivitet, Karolinska Institutet, Centrum för epidemiologi och samhällsmedicin, 17129, Stockholm, Sweden

    Emma Patterson

  17. Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs, József A. u. 7, Pécs, 7623, Hungary

    Denes Molnar

  18. Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece

    Anthony Kafatos

  19. Department of Pediatrics, Private Medical University, Strubergasse 21, 5020, Salzburg, Austria

    Kurt Widhalm

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  1. Yi Lin
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Correspondence to Inge Huybrechts.

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Lin, Y., Huybrechts, I., Vereecken, C. et al. Dietary fiber intake and its association with indicators of adiposity and serum biomarkers in European adolescents: the HELENA study. Eur J Nutr 54, 771–782 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-014-0756-2

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