Skip to main content
Log in

Humor as a character strength among the elderly

Theoretical considerations

Humor als Charakterstärke bei älteren Menschen

Theoretische Grundlagen

  • Beiträge zum Themenschwerpunkt
  • Published:
Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Positive psychology is a scientific approach within psychology that focuses on research on what is best in people. Within this framework, humor is understood as a character strength. The article gives a brief overview on positive psychology and implications for aging (positive aging, successful aging) with an emphasis on the contribution of humor. Humor as a strength of character and its measurement by various approaches are discussed. It is argued that there is a lack of empirical data about humor in the elderly. Potential benefits of considering humor in research but also in practice are discussed.

Zusammenfassung

Positive Psychologie ist ein wissenschaftlicher Ansatz innerhalb der Psychologie, der sich in der Forschung damit beschäftigt, was das Beste im Menschen ist. In dieser Forschungsrichtung wird Humor als Charakterstärke verstanden. Der vorliegende Artikel gibt einen kurzen Überblick über die Positive Psychologie und Implikationen, die sich für das Altern (positives, erfolgreiches Altern) ergeben. Dabei wird das Hauptaugenmerk auf den Beitrag gelegt, den Humor leisten kann. Humor als Charakterstärke und Möglichkeiten der Messung werden diskutiert und im Überblick, gemeinsam mit anderen Ansätzen zur Messung von Humor, vorgestellt. Es wird argumentiert, dass es zum Humor älterer Menschen zu wenige empirische Daten gibt. Weitere Diskussionspunkte sind mögliche positive Auswirkungen für Forschung und Praxis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Beermann U, Ruch W (2009) How virtuous is humor? What we can learn from current instruments. J Posit Psychol 4:528–539

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Carstensen LL, Charles ST (2003) Human aging: why is even good news taken as bad? In: Aspinwall LG, Staudinger UM (eds) A psychology of human strengths: fundamental questions and future directions for a positive psychology. APA, Washington DC, pp 75–86

  3. Chapman AJ, Foot HC (eds) (1977) It’s a funny thing, humour. Pergamon Press, Oxford

  4. Craik KH, Lampert MD, Nelson AJ (1996) Sense of humor and styles of everyday humorous conduct. Humor 9:273–302

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Fernandez-Ballesteros R (2003) Light and dark in the psychology of human strengths: the example of psychogerontology. In: Aspinwall LG, Staudinger UM (eds) A psychology of human strengths: fundamental questions and future directions for a positive psychology. APA, Washington/DC, pp 131–147

  6. Goldstein JH, McGhee PE (1972) The psychology of humor: theoretical perspectives and empirical issues. Academic Press, New York

  7. Hirsch R, Bruder J, Radebold H (eds) (2001) Heiterkeit und Humor im Alter. Kassel: Schriftenreihe der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gerontopsychiatrie und -psychotherapie, Band 2. Chudeck-Druck, Bornheim-Sechtem

  8. Köhler G, Ruch W (1996) Sources of variance in current sense of humor inventories: how much substance, how much method variance? Humor 9:363–397

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Martin RA (2007) The psychology of humor: an integrative approach. Elsevier Academic Press, Burlington, MA

  10. Martin RA, Puhlik-Doris P, Larsen G et al (2003) Individual differences in uses of humor and their relation to psychological well-being: development of the Humor Styles Questionnaire. J Res Pers 37:48–75

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. McGhee PE, Goldstein JH (eds) (1983) Handbook of humor research, vol 1 & 2. Springer, New York

  12. McGhee PE, Ruch W, Hehl FJ (1990) A personality-based model of humor development during adulthood. Humor 3:119–146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Nahemov L, McCluskey-Fawcett KA, McGhee PE (eds) (1986) Humor and aging. Academic Press, New York

  14. Park N, Peterson C (2006) Moral competence and character strengths among adolescents: the development and validation of the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths for Youth. J Adolesc 29:891–910

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Park N, Peterson C, Seligman MEP (2004) Strengths of character and well-being. J Soc Clin Psychol 23:603–619

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Peterson C (2006) A primer in positive psychology. Oxford University Press, New York

  17. Peterson C, Park N, Seligman MEP (2005) Assessment of character strengths. In: Koocher GP, Norcross JC, Hill III SS (eds) Psychologists’ desk reference, 2nd edn. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 93–98

  18. Peterson C, Park N, Seligman MEP (2005) Orientations to happiness and life satisfaction: the full life versus the empty life. J Happiness Stud 6:25–41

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Peterson C, Ruch W, Beermann U et al (2007) Strengths of character, orientation to happiness, and life satisfaction. J Posit Psychol 2:149–156

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Peterson C, Seligman MEP (2004) Character strengths and virtues: a handbook and classification. APA, Washington, DC

  21. Rowe JW, Kahn RL (1987) Human aging: usual and successful. Science 237:143–149

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Ruch W (2004) Humor. In: Peterson C, Seligman MEP (eds) Character strengths and virtues: a handbook and classification. APA, Washington, DC, pp 583–598

  23. Ruch W (ed) (2007) The sense of humor: explorations of a personality characteristic, Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin

  24. Ruch W (2008) The psychology of humor. In: Raskin V (ed) A primer of humor. Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, pp 17–100

  25. Ruch W, Carrell A (1998) Trait cheerfulness and the sense of humor. Pers Individ Dif 24:551–558

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Ruch W, Köhler G, van Thriel C (1996) Assessing the “humorous temperament”: construction of the facet and standard trait forms of the State-Trait-Cheerfulness-Inventory – STCI. Humor 9:303–339

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Ruch W, Proyer RT, Harzer C et al (2009) The German version of the self- and peer-rating form of the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths (VIA-IS): adaptation and validation studies. Eur J Psychol Assess (submitted)

  28. Ruch W, Proyer RT, Weber M (2010) Humor as character strength among the elderly: empirical findings on age-related changes and its contribution to satisfaction with life. Z Gerontol Geriatr (this issue)

  29. Seligman MEP (2008) Positive health. J Appl Psychol 57:3–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Seligman MEP, Csikszentmihalyi M (2000) Positive psychology: an introduction. Am Psychol 55:5–14

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Vaillant GE (2002) Aging well. Little Brown, Boston/MA

  32. Vaillant GE (2004) Positive aging. In: Linley AP, Joseph S (eds) Positive psychology in practice. Wiley, New York, pp 561–578

  33. Volcek MK (1994) Humor and the mental health of the elderly. In: Buckman ES (ed) The handbook of humor: clinical applications in psychotherapy. Krieger Publishing, Malabar, pp 111–121

Download references

Conflict of interest

The corresponding author states that there are no conflicts of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to W. Ruch.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ruch, W., Proyer, R. & Weber, M. Humor as a character strength among the elderly. Z Gerontol Geriat 43, 8–12 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00391-009-0080-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00391-009-0080-2

Keywords

Schlüsselwörter

Navigation