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Interleukin 1β and interleukin 6 relationship with paediatric head trauma severity and outcome

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Abstract

Background

Based on the known inflammatory role of interleukins (IL), we evaluated IL-1β and IL-6 expressions and their association with the severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI; Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS]) and the outcome (Glasgow Outcome Score [GOS]) recorded in a paediatric population.

Design

The design was a perspective observational clinical study carried out in the paediatric intensive care unit of the University Hospital.

Methods

We measured the IL-1β and IL-6 levels in 14 children with severe TBI (patients) and in 12 children with obstructive hydrocephalus (control group). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma samples were collected 2 h (T1) and 24 h (T2) after TBI. Interleukins were assayed using the immunoenzymatic method.

Results

The IL-1β mean level was significantly lower than the IL-6 mean level both in the CSF and plasma of TBI children. In the CSF, the IL-1β level increased from 55.71±72.79 pg/ml at T1 to 106.10±142.12 pg/ml at T2 and the IL-6 level increased from 405.43±280.28 pg/ml at T1 to 631.57±385.35 pg/ml at T2; a similar trend was observed in plasma. We found a statistically significant correlation between the increase in CSF and plasma interleukin levels between T1 and T2 and head injury severity (GCS≤5) as well as poor outcome (GOS≤3).

Conclusions

The increases in IL-1β and IL-6 expression were correlated with head injury severity and were indicative of poor clinical outcome, reflecting an endogenous neuroinflammatory response after TBI.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Catholic University Medical School, Rome, Italy

    Antonio Chiaretti, Orazio Genovese, Marco Piastra & Giancarlo Polidori

  2. Terapia Intensiva Pediatrica, Policlinico “A. Gemelli”, Largo A. Gemelli 1, 00168, Rome, Italy

    Antonio Chiaretti

  3. Institute of Neurobiology CNR, Rome, Italy

    Luigi Aloe & Alessia Antonelli

  4. Paediatric Neurosurgery Department, Catholic University Medical School, Rome, Italy

    Concezio Di Rocco

Authors
  1. Antonio Chiaretti
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  2. Orazio Genovese
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  3. Luigi Aloe
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  4. Alessia Antonelli
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Correspondence to Antonio Chiaretti.

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A commentary on this paper is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-004-1033-0

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Chiaretti, A., Genovese, O., Aloe, L. et al. Interleukin 1β and interleukin 6 relationship with paediatric head trauma severity and outcome. Childs Nerv Syst 21, 185–193 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-004-1032-1

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