Abstract
Persistent heavy rainfall events (PHREs) over the Yangtze–Huaihe River Valley (YHRV) during 1981–2020 are classified into three types (type-A, type-B and type-C) according to pattern correlation. The characteristics of the synoptic systems for the PHREs and their possible development mechanisms are investigated. The anomalous cyclonic disturbance over the southern part of the YHRV during type-A events is primarily maintained and intensified by the propagation of Rossby wave energy originating from the northeast Atlantic in the mid–upper troposphere and the northward propagation of Rossby wave packets from the western Pacific in the mid–lower troposphere. The zonal propagation of Rossby wave packets and the northward propagation of Rossby wave packets during type-B events are more coherent than those for type-A events, which induces eastward propagation of stronger anomaly centers of geopotential height from the northeast Atlantic Ocean to the YHRV and a meridional anomaly in geopotential height over the Asian continent. Type-C events have “two ridges and one trough” in the high latitudes of the Eurasian continent, but the anomalous intensity of the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) and the trough of the YHRV region are weaker than those for type-A and type-B events. The composite synoptic circulation of four PHREs in 2020 is basically consistent with that of the corresponding PHRE type. The location of the South Asian high (SAH) in three of the PHREs in 2020 moves eastward as in the composite of the three types, but the position of the WPSH of the four PHREs is clearly westward and northward. Two water vapor conveyor belts and two cold air conveyor belts are tracked during the four PHREs in 2020, but the water vapor path from the western Pacific is not seen, which may be caused by the westward extension of the WPSH.
摘要
采用客观分类方法将 1981-2020 年间江淮流域持续性暴雨事件分为 A、 B 和 C 三类, 并对各类事件的典型环流特征及形成机制进行对比研究. A 类事件中, 源于北大西洋东部对流层中高层的东传 Rossby 波列与西太平洋对流层中低层的北传 Rossby 波列在江淮地区南部交汇, 气旋性扰动在该地区得以维持和加强, 有利于持续性暴雨的发生. B 类事件的纬向和经向波列都比A类事件更为显著, 且亚洲地区的高度场异常呈经向带状分布. C 型事件在欧亚高纬度地区为 “两槽一脊” 的典型环流形势, 但中低纬西太平洋副热带高压和江淮低槽的强度均比 A、 B 两类弱. 2020 年江淮流域的四例持续性暴雨事件 (1 例 A 型、 2 例 B 型和 1 例 C 型) 具有各自所属类型的环流基本特征, 但西太平洋副热带高压更为偏西偏北. 与各类型合成水汽通道对比发现, 2020 年未出现来自西太平洋的水汽通道, 这可能是由于西太平洋副热带高压偏西造成的.
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Acknowledgements
We sincerely thank Cholaw BUEH and Zuowei XIE for the insightful suggestions for the analysis of wave-activity energy propagation. The daily precipitation data at 2 420 stations used in the present study were provided by the National Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration. This research was supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA23090101) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41975056).
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Article Highlights
• The PHREs over the YHRV are classified objectively into three types with rainbands located in different parts of the YHRV.
• The intensified zonal and meridional propagation of Rossby wave energy in type-A induces stronger anomaly centers of geopotential height.
• Two water vapor paths of PHREs in 2020 are tracked in the absence of a path from the western Pacific, which may be caused by the westward extension of the WPSH.
This paper is a contribution to the special issue on Summer 2020: Record Rainfall in Asia—Mechanisms, Predictability and Impacts.
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Wang, H., Sun, J., Fu, S. et al. Typical Circulation Patterns and Associated Mechanisms for Persistent Heavy Rainfall Events over Yangtze-Huaihe River Valley during 1981–2020. Adv. Atmos. Sci. 38, 2167–2182 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-021-1194-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-021-1194-8
Key words
- persistent heavy rainfall events
- Yangtze-Huaihe River Valley
- Rossby wave energy dispersion
- water vapor paths
- cold air paths