Abstract
This paper describes the access to, and the content, characteristics, and potential applications of the tropical cyclone (TC) database that is maintained and actively developed by the China Meteorological Administration, with the aim of facilitating its use in scientific research and operational services. This database records data relating to all TCs that have passed through the western North Pacific (WNP) and South China Sea (SCS) since 1949. TC data collection has expanded over recent decades via continuous TC monitoring using remote sensing and specialized field detection techniques, allowing collation of a multi-source TC database for the WNP and SCS that covers a long period, with wide coverage and many observational elements. This database now comprises a wide variety of information related to TCs, such as historical or real-time locations (i.e., best track and landfall), intensity, dynamic and thermal structures, wind strengths, precipitation amounts, and frequency. This database will support ongoing research into the processes and patterns associated with TC climatic activity and TC forecasting.
摘要
中国气象局自 1970 年代起开展系统性的西北太平洋 (WNP) 及南海 (SCS) 热带气旋 (Tropical Cyclone, 简称 TC) 资料整编, 内容包括1949年至今所有TC的最佳路径、 登陆信息、 风雨影响、 大尺度环境场等. 近年来, 大范围连续的 TC 遥感监测及外场特种探测更加丰富了 TC 数据资源, 因此构建了西北太平洋热带气旋多源数据库. 该数据库具有时间序列长、 覆盖范围广、 观测要素多的特点, 涵盖了与 TC 有关的历史或实时位置、 强度、 动热力结构、 大风、 降水、 灾害、 大气环境等多类型信息. 本文介绍了该数据库的概况并重点介绍了其包含的三大数据集 (TC 最佳路径强度数据集、 登陆及近海影响我国的 TC 风雨数据集及 TC 野外试验观测数据集) 的获取方式、 内容特点、 共享途径和潜在的应用方向, 以期促进其在台风科学研究、 业务预报及防台减灾各行业 (海洋、 气象、 水文、 交通、 农业等) 的推广和应用, 为提升防台减灾能力提供更好的基础数据支撑.
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Abbreviations
- Database title:
-
Tropical cyclone database in the western North Pacific
- Time range:
-
TC best track: 1949–2019; TC wind and precipitation: 1949–2018; TC field experiment observations: 2014–2016.
- Geographical scope:
-
TC best track: western North Pacific and South China Sea; TC wind and precipitation: mainland China; TC field experiments observations: coastal regions of China.
- Data format:
-
TC best track: 2D database table and plain text file (.txt); TC wind and precipitation: 2D database table and comma-separated text file (.csv); TC field experiment observations:.csv and.txt text files.
- Data volume:
-
3 MB for TC best track; 50 MB for TC wind and precipitation; 90 MB for TC field experiments observations.
- Data service system:
-
http://tcdata.typhoon.org.cn/en/index.html}
- Sources of funding:
-
The Key Projects of the National Key R&D Program (Grant No. 2018YFC1506300); Key Program for International S&T Cooperation Projects of China (Grant No. 2017YFE0107700).
- Database:
-
The database contains three types of data
- composition:
-
1. TC best track dataset comprises 71 files, with 1 file per year between 1949 and 2019; 2. TC precipitation and wind dataset comprises six files containing the wind and precipitation generated by TCs between 1949 and 2018; and 3. TC field experiments observations dataset contains field observations from seven TCs between 2014 and 2016.
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Acknowledgements
This work has been supported by the Key Projects of the National Key R&D Program (Grant No. 2018YFC1506300), and the Key Program for International S&T Cooperation Projects of China (Grant No. 2017YFE0107700). The authors thank J. X. FENG, Y. X. ZHAO, Z. Z.YANG, and W. ZHANG for their hard work in compiling historical TC best data. At the same time, we also gratefully acknowledge the organizations and individuals who have made great efforts in TC field observation experiments.
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Lu, X., Yu, H., Ying, M. et al. Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Database Created by the China Meteorological Administration. Adv. Atmos. Sci. 38, 690–699 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-020-0211-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-020-0211-7